Circuits Flashcards
(26 cards)
What does static electricity imply about movement?
Static electricity does not move
Static electricity is characterized by the immobility of charge.
How can static electricity be generated?
From friction
Friction causes an imbalance of charge, leading to static electricity.
What is the fundamental particle of an atom that is positively charged?
Protons
What is the fundamental particle of an atom that is negatively charged?
Electrons
What state does an atom have when the number of protons equals the number of electrons?
Neutral
What occurs when the number of protons and electrons in an atom is unequal?
The atom is charged, resulting in static electricity.
What is current in the context of electricity?
The movement of charge from one location to another, usually electrons.
How is current measured?
In amperes, or amps.
What does higher amperes indicate about electrons?
More electrons are moving past a point in a given amount of time.
What is resistance in electrical terms?
The opposition to the flow of current.
How is resistance measured?
In ohms (Ω).
What happens to electricity when it moves through different materials?
It can either move easily or be resisted depending on the material.
What is potential in terms of electrical charge?
The tendency for charge to want to move or the energy available if it does move.
How is potential measured?
In volts.
What provides potential in a circuit?
A power supply or a battery.
What is Ohm’s Law?
I = V/R
What does Ohm’s Law allow us to predict?
The current (I) through a resistor based on potential (V) and resistance (R).
What is the result of using a 9V battery with a 470Ω resistor?
I = 0.02A
What are materials with low resistance called?
Conductors
What are good examples of conductors?
Metals
What is the resistance characteristic of insulators?
Extremely high resistance, making it hard for current to flow.
What materials are considered insulators?
Wood, rubber, and dry air.
What are semiconductors?
Materials that conduct electricity, but not well.
Fill in the blank: Static electricity is when a material has an unequal number of _______ and protons.
electrons
