Circulation Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the importance of the circulatory system?
Substances are transported from the area where they enter the body to the cells or from the cells to the area where they are removed from the body by the circulatory system.
What are the three parts of the circulatory system?
Blood vessels, the heart, blood.
What is meant by a double circulatory system?
One transport system carries blood from your heart to your lungs.
The other transport system carries blood to all other organs of your body and back again
What is the heart?
An organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system.
Walls of heart are made of muscle tissue
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
Right atria
Left atria
Right ventricle
Left ventricla
What is a pacemaker?
Your resting heart rate is controlled by a group of cells in the right atrium of heart known as a pacemaker.
These cells produce regular electrical signals which spread through the hear making it contract
What are artificial pacemakers?
Electrical devices used to correct irregularities in the heart
It sends strong, regular electrical signals to your heart that stimulate it to beat properly
What is coronary heart disease?
When layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries causing them to narrow down. This reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries.
Why is coronary heart disease dangerous?
Improper blood flow through the coronary arteries results in a lack of oxygen for the heart muscle
How is coronary heart disease prevented?
Stents are inserted into blocked coronary arteries to keep them open
What are the 2 main faults that cause heart valves to become faulty?
1- stiff heart valve tissues
2- heart valve might develop a leak
How can faulty valves be replaced?
They can be replaced by biological vale’s or mechanical valves
What are biological valves?
Valves from humans or other mammals
What are artificial hearts?
Can be used to keep patients alive while waiting for a heart transplant or allow heart to rest as an aid to recovery
What are arteries?
Have thick walls containing muscle and elastic fibers
What are veins?
Have thinner walls, often have valves to prevent back flow of blood
What are capillaries?
Blood flows through very narrow, thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Substances produced by cells pass into blood through the walls of the capillaries.
What is blood?
A tissue that consists of a fluid called plasma, in which white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells
What does blood plasma transport?
Carbon dioxide from organs to the lungs
Soluble products of digestion from the small intestine to other organs
Urea from liver to kidneys
What is the structure of a red blood cell?
They have no nucleus
Packed with a red pigment called haemoglobin
What do red blood cells transport?
Transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs
What happens to haemoglobin in the lungs?
Haemoglobin combines with oxygen to give oxyhaemoglobin
What are white blood cells?
Have a nucleus
From part of body’s defense system against microorganisms
What are platelets?
Small fragments of cells
Have no nucleus
Help blood to clot at the site of a wound
