Circulation System - Chapter 5

Question 1

Pulmonary System

Answer 1

Blood transport between the heart and the lungs

Question 2

Systemic System

Answer 2

Delivers oxygenated blood to the body

Question 3

Vasoconstriction

Answer 3

Blood vessels reaction to being cold

Question 4

Vasodilation

Answer 4

Blood vessels reaction to being warm

Question 5

Red blood cells

Answer 5

Contain haemoglobin and carry oxygen to the body and tissues

Question 6

White blood cells

Answer 6

Contain anti-bodies and fight against bacteria

Question 7

Platelets (blood)

Answer 7

Used to stop bleeding

Question 8

Canary artery/vein

Answer 8

Blood supply to the heart as the heart itself is a muscle so requires a blood supply

Question 9

Ventricles

Answer 9

Areas of the heart which pump the blood around the body and exert a force on the blood

Question 10

Atria’s

Answer 10

Entryway to the ventricles

Question 11

Arteries

Answer 11

Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

Question 12

Veins

Answer 12

Blood vessels carrying blood to the heart

Question 13

Pulmonary vein/artery

Answer 13

Only vein/artery which carries oxygenated/deoxygenated blood to the heart/lungs

Question 14

What carries Oxygen?

Answer 14

Haemoglobin

Question 15

Waste product of respiration

Answer 15

CO2 + H2O = Carbonic Acid

This is in turn used to measure CO2 levels and control breathing

Question 16

Main energy sources are:

Answer 16

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats

Question 17

Internal Respioration

Answer 17

Is the respiration between cells

Question 18

External respiration

Answer 18

Normal respiration (breathing)

Question 19

Transfer of gases

Answer 19

Takes place in between the capillaries and blood cells

Via a process called Diffusion

Fick’s law is associated with diffusion

Question 20

Low saturated blood can be found….

Answer 20

In the pulmonary artery

Question 21

Cardiac Output (equation and definition)

Answer 21

Stroke volume x heart rate

Amount of blood output per minute

Average human shall output between 5 and 5.5 litres per minute

Question 22

Angina is a pain associated with the….

Answer 22

Heart, usually found in the chest

Question 23

Heart attack also known as:

Answer 23

Myocardial infarction

Question 24

Top 3 causes for myocardial infarction

Answer 24

Family history (hereditary)
Age
Previous history of cardio-vascular problems

Question 25

Why is there sometimes a deprivation of oxygen in the body?

Answer 25

Lack of haemoglobin or red blood cells (anaemia) This can be caused by: Lack of production within the bone marrow Lack of iron Excessive bleeding

Question 26

Carbon Monoxide is due to:

Answer 26

Incomplete carbon combustion

Question 27

Which will haemoglobin stick to, carbon monoxide or oxygen?

Answer 27

Carbon Monoxide

Question 28

Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning...

Answer 28

``` Headaches, Lethargy, Weakness, Dizziness, Impaired Vision ```

Question 29

Treatment(s) for carbon Monoxide poisoning

Answer 29

If airborne, land ASAP and use fresh air rather than heated cabin air. Get fresh air ASAP

Question 30

What can worsen carbon Monoxide poisoning?

Answer 30

Altitude

Question 31

What is the worst outcome of carbon Monoxide poisoning?

Answer 31

Fatality

Question 32

What 3 factors make an individual more susceptible to carbon Monoxide poisoning?

Answer 32

Altitude Smoking Age

Question 33

Addictive substance of smoking:

Answer 33

Nicotine

Question 34

Substance which causes cancer from smoking:

Answer 34

Tar

Question 35

Smoking 20 cigarettes a day causes an increase of ________% of haemoglobin

Answer 35

7%

Question 36

What does a smokers body equate to as an altitude?

Answer 36

4,000 - 5,000ft This can increase their risk of hypoxia

Question 37

What issues can smoking lead to?

Answer 37

Breathing problems, lung cancer and can increase risk of heart attacks

Question 38

Systolic is a __________ pressure than diastolic

Answer 38

Higher

Question 39

The average blood pressure for a human is

Answer 39

120/80

Question 40

High blood pressure is also known as:

Answer 40

Hypertension

Question 41

Main cause of a stroke is:

Answer 41

Hypertension (High blood pressure)

Question 42

Main symptoms of hypertension (high blood pressure)

Answer 42

Palpitations Shortness of breathe Angina

Question 43

Main causes of hypertension (High blood pressure)

Answer 43

Stress Smoking Diet

Question 44

Symptoms for hypotension (low blood pressure)

Answer 44

Lethargy/tiredness Your medical can be suspended if you have hypotension

Question 45

Pressoreceptors are...

Answer 45

Located in the **Cartoid Sinus** and control homeostasis

Question 46

How long do you have to wait before you can fly again after donating blood?

Answer 46

24 hours