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Circulatory|Respiratory Flashcards

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1
Q

The two main circuits of the human circulatory system are

A

Pulmonary
Systemaic

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2
Q

Pulmonary ventilation is a regular, rhythmic process which

releases energy from glucose within living cells

protects the airways by clearing them of mucus or irritants

moves air into and out of the lungs

reduces the surface tension of the lining of the lung

A

moves air into and out of the lungs

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3
Q

With the advent of lungs vertebrates evolved a type of circulatory system in which the pulmonary circuit supplies the lungs with deoxygenated blood and the systemic circuit supplies oxygenated blood to body cells.

A

Double circulation

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4
Q

The diaphragm functions for _____ in expiration?

gas exchange

inflating the lungs

relaxation

contraction

A

relaxation

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5
Q

Also known as the epiglottis

A

Truelid cartilage

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6
Q

Which of the below is the most important capillary exchange method?

A

Diffusion

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7
Q

Fluid portion & comprises the most in blood

A

Plasma

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8
Q

Type of circulatory system that allows blood (hemolymph) to flow thru large spaces or sinuses out into the body cavity where hemolymph bathes the cells, tissues & organs is called the

A

open c.s

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9
Q

Which is NOT a structure for respiration in invertebrates?

gills

plasma membrane

book lungs

trachea

lungs

A

lungs

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10
Q

The innermost layer of blood vessel composed of endothelium

A

Tunica intima

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11
Q

Which of the following epithelia line the alveolar and vessel walls?

A

Simple squamous

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12
Q

The middle layer of blood vessel composed of smooth muscles intersposed w/ elastic & collagen fibers and are found to be thicker in arteries than in veins

A

Tunica media

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13
Q

Which of the following statements about the circulatory system is FALSE?

Blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated.

Blood in the pulmonary veins is deoxygenated.

Blood in the inferior vena cava is deoxygenated.

Blood in the aorta is oxygenated.

A

Blood in the pulmonary veins is deoxygenated.

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14
Q

Which is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

transport of nutrients

provide oxygen for aerobic respiration

sound production

formation of carbonate-bicarbonate buffer

eliminate CO2 as waste product of respiration

A

transport of nutrients

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15
Q

Most of the oxygen being transported by blood

is dissolved in plasma

is attached to glucose

is used to provide energy for the body

is reversibly bound to hemoglobin

A

is reversibly bound to hemoglobin

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16
Q

The floor of the thoracic cavity is formed by the ____ that play a role in breathing

A

Diaphragm

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17
Q

Folds of the lining of the heart whose function is to direct blood towards its destination & prevent the backflow of blood away from the chamber or blood vessel where it came from

A

Valves

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18
Q

Actual gas exchange between capillary blood air takes place within the thin walls of

A

Alveoli

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19
Q

Passageway that ultimately delivers air into the lungs

A

Trachea

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20
Q

The process of taking in air is called

A

Inhalation

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21
Q

Which is NOT a product of cellular respiration?

H20

carbohydrates

ATP

CO2

A

carbohydrates

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22
Q

Inhalation occurs when

There is no change in alveolar pressure and atmospheric
pressure

Alveolar pressure and atmospheric pressure have nothing to do with inhalation

The alveolar pressure falls below atmospheric pressure

The alveolar pressure is higher t than atmospheric pressure

The alveolar pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure

A

The alveolar pressure falls below atmospheric pressure

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23
Q

In terms of being open or closed, what is the state of the mitral and tricuspid valves at the end of the first heart sound?

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A

both are closed

24
Q

The structural and functional units of the lungs

25
1- The heart is asymmetrical in shape which determines the way the heart functions. 2- The right side of heart sends blood to the lungs to be oxygenated in the pulmonary circuit, while the left side sends blood to the rest of the body in the systemic circuit. Both statements are logical Only statement 1 is logical Both statements are illogical Only statement 2 is logical
Both statements are logical
26
Blood leaving the right ventricle goes to the lungs for
Oxygenation
27
Which statement best describes the human respiratory system? It is composed of a network of moist passageways that permit the flow of air from the external environment to the lungs. Each cell of the human body is in direct contact with the external environment, and gas exchange occurs by diffusion. Gases diffuse across membranes on both the external and internal surfaces of the body. The external body surface is kept moist to allow for gas exchange.
It is composed of a network of moist passageways that permit the flow of air from the external environment to the lungs.
28
Carry blood away from the heart to all other parts of the body
Arteries
29
How would blood circulation beyond the heart be affected if the pulmonary valve could not open? Blood could not reach the lungs. Blood could not return from the lungs. Blood could not return from the rest of the body. Blood could not reach the rest of the body.
Blood could not reach the lungs
30
The biggest lymphatic organ of the body responsible for filtering foreign substances from blood
spleen
31
The respiratory system works closely together with what body system?
Cardiovascular sys
32
Which structure is part of the conducting portion of the airway? Alveoli Bronchi Alveolar ducts Alveolar sacs lungs
Bronchi
33
Houses the WBCs that destroy foreign substances and play a role in antibody formation
Spleen
34
The fluid that circulates inside the body of animals with open circulatory system such as those in arthropods and mollusks is called
Hemolymph
35
Which of the following btlood vessels of the heart bring decxygenated blood to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
36
Contains a pair of vocal cords responsible for sound production
Larynx
37
Diastolic pressure is higher than systolic pressure. T or F
False
38
Blood coming from any body organ enters the heart via the superior vena cava. T or F
F
39
Majority of carbon dioxide transported by the blood is in the form of bicarbonate. T or F
T
40
About 2/3 of the body's blood is found in the arteries at any given time. T or F
F
41
The structure of red blood cells allow them to deliver oxygen to the cells of the body because they have nuclei and do not contain hemoglobin. T or F
F
42
In animals, a larger respiratory surface area always mean a more efficient structure for gas exchange. T or F
T
43
The diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle where the heart contracts, which pushes out the blood and pumps it around the body. T or F
F
44
The middle layer of blood vessel composed of smooth muscles intersposed w/ elastic & collagen fibers and are found to be thicker in arteries than in veins. T or F
T
45
An Open circulatory system is found only in invertebrates.. T or F
T
46
The thyroid cartilage or "Adam's apple" is only present in human males.
F
47
The capillaries are also known as exchange vessels because it is where exchange of substances takes place between blood and body tissues.
T
48
Hair and mucus in the nose and trachea catch impurities, while the nasal cavity warms the air.
T
49
Saliva in the mouth and hair in the trachea catch impurities, while the pharynx warms the air.
F
50
Oxygen is transported by the blood is in the form oxyhemoglobin.
T
51
The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood from the lungs.
F
52
Arteries have thicker smooth muscle layers to accommodate the changes in pressure from the heart. T or F
T
53
In an open circulatory system, hemolymph empties into the body cavity.
T
54
Blood pressure is typically lower in veins than in arteries
T
55
The respiratory tract is generally supported by cartilaginous tube
T

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