Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the three independent systems which make up the circulatory system

Answer 1

Cardiovascular
Pulmonary
Systemic

Question 2

What is the purpose of the circulatory system

Answer 2

Transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the cells and then transporting deoxygenated blood back to lungs

Question 3

On average, how many litres of blood are continuing travelling through the body

Answer 3

4.7 - 5.5

Question 4

What else does the circulatory system transport around the body

Answer 4

Transports nutrients from the digestive system and removes waste products

Question 5

What is the name of the process of blood moving around your body

Answer 5

Circulation

Question 6

What does the arrangement of the circulatory system mean for the two blood types

Answer 6

They do not mix

Question 7

What are the three main organs of the circulatory system

Answer 7

Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood

Question 8

How big is the heart

Answer 8

Roughly the size of a human fist

Question 9

Where is the heart located

Answer 9

In the thoracic cavity behind the sternum between the two lungs

Question 10

What is the name of the space in which the heart is located

Answer 10

Mediastinum

Question 11

What direction does the heart point

Answer 11

Diagonally downwards and to the left

Question 12

What is the name of the muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the walls of the heart

Answer 12

The cardiac muscle

Question 13

What is the role of the cardiac muscle

Answer 13

It keeps the heart pumping and blood flowing around the body

Question 14

What is the cardiac muscle also known as

Answer 14

The myocardium

Question 15

What is the pericardium

Answer 15

A double covering that encloses the heart

Question 16

What is the purpose of the pericardium

Answer 16

It prevents friction when the heart contracts

Question 17

How many chambers does the heart have

Answer 17

Four

Question 18

What are the names of the chambers of the heart

Answer 18

Left and right Atria

Left and right ventricle

Question 19

What connects these chambers of the heart

Answer 19

Heart valves

Question 20

What are the two top chambers called

Answer 20

Left and right atrium

Question 21

What divides the two top chambers

Answer 21

Septum

Question 22

What type of blood does the right atrium receive and what does it do with this blood

Answer 22

It receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle

Question 23

What does the right ventricle do with the blood

Answer 23

Pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 24

What type of blood does the left atrium receive and what does it do with this blood

Answer 24

It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle

Question 25

What separates the left and right ventricle

Answer 25

Septum

Question 26

What does the left ventricle do with the blood

Answer 26

Pumps it to the rest of the body

Question 27

Why do ventricles have thicker walls than atria

Answer 27

Due to the force needed to pump the blood

Question 28

Does the left ventricle have thicker or thinner walls than the right ventricle and why is this

Answer 28

It has thicker walls as it has to pump the blood throughout the body whereas the right ventricle only goes to the lungs

Question 29

What does the pulmonary artery do

Answer 29

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 30

What does the superior vena cava do

Answer 30

Carries deoxygenated blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium

Question 31

What does the right atrium do

Answer 31

Receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava

Question 32

What does the tricuspid valve do

Answer 32

Prevents blood from the right ventricle flowing back into the right atrium

Question 33

What do the tendonous cords do

Answer 33

Prevent valve segments from flapping back into the atrium

Question 34

What does the right ventricle do

Answer 34

Deoxygenated blood is pumped from here to the lungs

Question 35

What does the Inferior vena cava do

Answer 35

Carries deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium

Question 36

What does the thinner muscular wall do

Answer 36

Contraction of this muscle forces blood to move from the right atrium to the lungs

Question 37

What does the aorta do

Answer 37

Transports oxygenated blood from the left ventricle all over the body

Question 38

What do the pulmonary veins do

Answer 38

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 39

What do the semi lunar valves do

Answer 39

Prevent back-flow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle

Question 40

What does the left atrium do

Answer 40

Receives oxygenated blood via the pulmonary veins from the lungs

Question 41

What does the biscuspid valve do

Answer 41

Prevents blood from the left ventricle flowing back into the left atrium

Question 42

What does the left ventricle do

Answer 42

Oxygenated blood is pumped from this chamber around the body

Question 43

What does the thicker muscular wall do

Answer 43

Provides powerful contractions to pump blood from the left ventricle all over the body

Question 44

What does the septum do

Answer 44

Separating wall which prevents the mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Question 45

What causes the sound of a heart beat

Answer 45

The heart valves opening and closing

Question 46

How many valves does the heart have

Answer 46

4

Question 47

What are the names of the valves of the heart

Answer 47

Mitral (Bicuspid) and tricuspid | Aortic and pulmonary valves

Question 48

What do the aortic and pulmonary valves do

Answer 48

They control blood flow OUT of the ventricles

Question 49

What do valves ensure

Answer 49

The blood flows through the heart in one direction