Circulatory System

Question 1

Three main FEATURES of Circulatory System.

Answer 1

1. Fluid (blood or hemolymph) that transport materials.
2. System of blood vessels.
3. A heart to pump the fluid through the vessels.

Question 2

Functions of Blood

Answer 2

Transportation, Regulation, Protection

Question 3

Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Nutrients and hormones.
Heat and waste products.

Answer 3

Tansportation

Question 4

Maintain homeostasis of all body fluids.
Regulate pH through the use of buffers.
Adjust body temperature.

Answer 4

Regulation

Question 5

Blood Clotting.

Defense against temperature.

Answer 5

Protection

Question 6

Major Components of Blood.

Answer 6

Plasma and Formed elements/ Cellular components.

Question 7

Consist of 55% of total blood volume.

Liquid component of blood.

Answer 7

Plasma

Question 8

Consist the remaining 45% of the total blood volume.

Answer 8

Formed Elements/ Cellular Components.

Question 9

Straw- colored liquid portion of blood, consisting of 90% water and 10% is composed of proteins, clotting factors, antibodies, food substances, respiratory gases, hormones, vitamins and waste products.

Answer 9

PLASMA

Question 10

Make up about 99% of the blood”s cellular component.
Carry hemoglobin and oxygen.
Without nucleus and has lifespan of 120 days.
Felixible, donut shaped discuss easily maneuver through various pathways in blood vessels.
4-6 millions blood counts.

Answer 10

Erythrocytes aka Red Blood Cells

Question 11

A complex protein made up of four protein strands, plus iron-rich hem groups.

Answer 11

Hemoglobin

Question 12

Each hemoglobin molecule can carry _________.

Answer 12

Four oxygen atoms

Question 13

The presence of oxygen turns hemoglobin.

Answer 13

Bright red

Question 14

Iron from hemoglobin is recycled in the ________ and ________.

Answer 14

Liver and Spleen.

Question 15

The hormone made by the kidneys, stimulates the production of RBC’s in red bone marrow.

Answer 15

Erythropoeitin

Question 16

Fight infection “defense” and are formed in the bone marrow.
4,000 - 11,000 blood counts.

Answer 16

Leukocytes aka White blood cell

Question 17

Five types of Leukocytes.

Answer 17

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes

Question 18

Aggregate at the site of the wound.

250,000 - 500,000 blood counts.

Answer 18

Platelet

Question 19

Converts the protein fibronage into sticky fibrin which binds the clot.

Answer 19

Thrombin

Question 20

Bacterial infection, burns, stress, inflammation.

3000-7000 counts

Answer 20

Neutrophils

Question 21

Viral infections, some leukemias.

1500-3000 blood counts

Answer 21

Lymphocytes

Question 22

Viral or fungal infections, tuberculosis, some leukemias, other chronic diseases.
100-700 blood counts

Answer 22

Monocytes

Question 23

Allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases.
100 - 400 blood counts

Answer 23

Eosinophils

Question 24

Allergic reactions, leukemias, cancers, hypothyroidism.

20 - 50 blood counts.

Answer 24

Basophils

Question 25

Release chemicals to stimulate thrombin production.

Answer 25

Broken cells and platelets

Question 26

A network of tubes.

Answer 26

Blood Vessels

Question 27

Move away blood from the heart.

Answer 27

Arteries to Arterioles

Question 28

Connects arterioles and venules. | Exchange of nutrients, wastes and gases.

Answer 28

Capillaries

Question 29

Moves blood towards the heart.

Answer 29

Veins to Venules.

Question 30

Moves blood towards the heart.

Answer 30

Veins to Venules.

Question 31

Thick walled and lined with smooth muscle.

Answer 31

Arteries

Question 32

Branch off of arteries. | Can constrict to direct and control blood flow.

Answer 32

Arterioles.

Question 33

A very tiny blood vessels. | Body tissues contain a vast network of thin capillaries.

Answer 33

Capillaries

Question 34

One cell thick, allowing exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes.

Answer 34

Capillary walls

Question 35

Thin walled collectors of blood. | Low pressure in the venules allows the capillary beds to drain into them.

Answer 35

Venules

Question 36

Thinner walls than arteries. | Fewer smooth muscle cells, but do have valves.

Answer 36

Veins

Question 37

Poor Clotting.

Answer 37

Thrombocytopenia

Question 38

Low Result of RBC:

Answer 38

Anemia

Question 39

High Result of RBC indicates:

Answer 39

Polycythemia vera, Kidney Tumors, and Lung Disease.

Question 40

Individuals at risk for condition if high platelets:

Answer 40

Stroke Heart Attack Deep Vein Thrombosis Pulmonary Embolism