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BIOLOGY > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Simple unicellular organisms depends on what process?

A

diffusion process

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2
Q

complex and larger animals needs..?

A

transport system

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3
Q

circulatory system consists of?

A

heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

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4
Q

what’s the size of a heart

A

clenched fist

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5
Q

heart wall consists of?

A

cardiac muscle

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6
Q

supplies oxygenated blood

A

coronary arteries

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7
Q

collect deoxygenated blood

A

coronary veins

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8
Q

heart is surrounded by a sac called?

A

pericardium

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9
Q

four chambers of the heart

A
  • right and left atria
  • right and left ventricle
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10
Q

four valves of the heart

A

tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral, aortic valve

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11
Q

contraction of the heart is controlled by what tissue?

A

nodal tissue

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12
Q

first nodal tissue in humans

A

sinoatrial node (san)

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13
Q

second nodal tissue

A

atrioventicular node (avn)

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14
Q

heart rate is controlled by two factors which are?

A

nervous and hormonal control

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15
Q

two sets of nerve of SAN

A

parasympathetic - decrease
sympathetic - increase

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16
Q

two hormonal control actions

A

adrenaline and thyroxine

17
Q

factors affecting heart rate (give at least 5)

A
  • change in ph
  • temp
  • body size
  • gender
  • age
  • physical activity
  • stress
  • state of health
  • meds
  • environ. factors
  • smoking, alcohol
18
Q

disease caused by deposition of fats on the walls of arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

19
Q

disease where pressure is exerted on the walls of blood vessels

A

hypertension

20
Q

result of blood clot

A

heart attack

21
Q

moves water and solutes from roots to leaves

A

xylem

22
Q

moves glucose and amino acid around the plant

A

phloem

23
Q

where is xylem and phloem found

A

vascular bundles

24
Q

cells in xylem and phloem

A

xylem - elongated dead cells
phloem - living cells

25
Q

evaporation of water from leaves and stem

A

transpiration

26
Q

transport of glucose and amino acids

A

translocation

27
Q

process of transpiration

A
  • water goes in the soil
  • passes through concentration gradient
  • root hairs
  • xylem
  • transports water from root, stem, then leaves
28
Q

process of translocation

A
  • glucose
  • converted to fructose
  • enters phloem as amino acids
  • transport around plant
29
Q

water is absorbed by root hairs by?

A

osmosis

30
Q

route where water moves without air resistance

A

apoplast route

31
Q

route where water is hindered by resistance

A

symplast route

32
Q

route where water moves in and out of cell vacuoles by osmosis

A

vacuolar route

33
Q

water movement in cortex (3 routes)

A
  • absorbed into the cell sap
  • absorbed into the cytoplasm
  • diffuses along cell wall
34
Q

a suction power

A

transpiration pull

35
Q

phloem tissues consists of two main types

A

sieve tubes and companion cells

BIOLOGY (5 decks)

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