Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the main function of the circulatory system

A

get food and oxygen to every cell in the body

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2
Q

what is a secondary function of the circulatory system

A

takes waste products like carbon dioxide and urea to where they can be removed

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3
Q

the human body has a double circulatory system, what does the first part do

A

moves deoxygenated blood to the lungs

then to the heart

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4
Q

what does the second part do

A

pumps oxygenated blood to the other organs

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5
Q

what does the heart do to pump blood round the body

A

contracts

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6
Q

what are the walls of the heart made from

A

muscle tissue

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7
Q

what prevents the blood from flowing the wrong direction

A

valves

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8
Q

how many chambers are there in the heart and what are the names

A

4
right and left atrium
right and left centricle

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9
Q

what are the 5 stages of blood flowing round the heart and the body

A

blood flows into the two atria from pulmonary vein and vena cava
atria contract
ventricles contract forcing blood out of heart
blood flows round body
then into atria and cycle starts again

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10
Q

what are the three blood vessels called

A

arteries capillaries and veins

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11
Q

what are the three vessels jobs

A

arteries blood away from heart
capillaries exchange of materials
veins blood to the heart

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12
Q

how do arteries carry blood

A

under pressure

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13
Q

what are the artery walls like

A

strong
elastic
thick

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14
Q

what do artery walls contain

A

muscle tissue

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15
Q

how big are capillaries

A

very small

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16
Q

what are capillary walls like

A

permeable

1 cell thick

17
Q

what do capillaries join up to form

A

veins

18
Q

what pressure is the blood at in veins

A

low

19
Q

what keeps blood flowing in the right direction in veins

A

valves

20
Q

what do red blood cells carry

A

oxygen

21
Q

what shape are red blood cells

A

a doughnut shape

22
Q

what is the red pigment red blood cells contain called

A

haemoglobin

23
Q

what do white blood cells do

A

defend against disease

24
Q

how do white blood cells fight disease

A

change shape to engulf unwanted microbes
produce antibodies
produce antitoxins

25
Q

what do platelets do

A

help blood clot

26
Q

what is plasma

A

the liquid that carries everything in blood