Circumnavigation Flashcards
(5 cards)
When was the circumnavigation
1577-80
Who led the first circumnavigation
Sir Francis drake
Sir Walter Raleigh and the new world
-he was given r… permission to e… the a… (the new world)
-he was allowed to c… any land that was not r… by a C…
-in r… he had to give the q… a 1/.. of his g… and silver
-he got others to e… colonies
-f… of a colony called R…, however this did not l… as m… all the workers disappeared
-he was given royal permission to explore the americas (the new world)
-he was allowed to colonise any land that was not ruled by a Christian
-in return he had to give the queen a 1/5 of his gold and silver
-he got others to establish colonies
-founder of a colony called Roanoke, however this did not last as mysteriously all the workers disappeared
How was exploration possible
D…:
-better w… like c…
-e… to explore h… territory
N…:
-the a… allowed to sailors to j… their position
-more accurate c… made n… easier
T…:
-better d… ships were much f… due to the t… lateen s…
Defences:
-better weapons like canons
-easier to explore hostile territory
Navigation:
-the astrolabe allowed to sailors to judge their position
-more accurate compasses made navigation easier
Technology:
-better designed ships were much faster due to the triangular lateen sail
Impact of voyages
John H… and the slave t…:
-John H… was a respected s… and courtier
-he was responsible for b… up the n… and commanding it against the S… Armada
-in 156. he k… several hundred west A… and sold them in S… America
—>early s… of the slave t…
-he was a successful p…
W…:
-raiding S… ships and p… allowed riches to be brought back to E…
-trading s… were established with Britains increasing w… for things like s…, silks and p…
-the east I… company was established in 16.. to oversee t… in India and the f… east
-the trading of A… slaves brought s… wealth
—>this lead more and more E… to become involved in the s… trade
P…:
-n… power was g… under Elizabeth
-improved w… and tactics and k… individuals played a key role in this
-the English v… over the S… Armada showed Britains d…
John Hawkins and the slave trade:
-John Hawkins was a respected sailor and courtier
-he was responsible for building up the navy and commanding it against the Spanish Armada
-in 1564 he kidnapped several hundred west Africans and sold them in South America
—>early signs of the slave trade
-he was a successful privateer
Wealth:
-raiding Spanish ships and ports allowed riches to be brought back to England
-trading systems were established with Britains increasing wealth for things like spices, silks and porcelain
-the east India company was established in 1600 to oversee trade in India and the far east
-the trading of African slaves brought significant wealth
—>this lead more and more Englishmen to become involved in the slave trade
Power:
-naval power was growing under Elizabeth
-improved weapons and tactics and key individuals played a key role in this
-the English victory over the Spanish Armada showed Britains dominance
