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Question 1

101. Who was the last monarch of the Stuart dynasty?

Answer 1

Queen Anne

Ruled from 1702 to 1714

After her death, the House of Hanover succeeded the Stuarts

Question 2

102. What was the fate of Mary, Queen of Scots?

Answer 2

She was executed in 1587

Accused of plotting against Elizabeth I, her cousin

Question 3

103. What year did the English Civil War begin?

Answer 3

1642

Conflict between King Charles I and Parliament

Question 4

104. Who was the ruling monarch when the Great Fire of London occurred?

Answer 4

King Charles II

The fire happened in 1666

Question 5

105. What was the main economic activity in Scotland during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 5

Textile manufacturing (especially cotton and wool)

Also known for coal mining and shipbuilding

Question 6

106. What was the title of Henry VIII’s father?

Answer 6

Henry VII

First monarch of the Tudor dynasty

(Henry VII’s main title was King of England and Lord of Ireland. He was also known as Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond, and is considered the founder of the Tudor dynasty. )

Question 7

107. What city was known as the heart of England’s capital during the Tudor period?

Answer 7

London, especially Westminster

It was the political and royal center

Question 8

108. What year was the Spanish Armada defeated?

Answer 8

1588

Defeated by the English navy under Elizabeth I

Question 9

109. What was the nickname for the supporters of Parliament during the English Civil War?

Answer 9

Roundheads

Named for their short hair, unlike the long-haired Royalists

Question 10

110. Who was the main military leader for the Parliamentarians during the English Civil War?

Answer 10

Oliver Cromwell

Led the New Model Army to victory

Question 11

111. What was the significant religious change implemented by Henry VIII?

Answer 11

He broke away from the Roman Catholic Church

Created the Church of England in 1534

Made himself the Supreme Head of the Church

Question 12

112. Who succeeded Elizabeth I as the ruler of England?

Answer 12

James I

Son of Mary, Queen of Scots

First monarch of the Stuart dynasty

Question 13

113. What was the dominant language in London during the Tudor period?

Answer 13

Early Modern English

Developed from Middle English with influences from Latin and French

Question 14

114. Who was the queen known for her Protestant reformation?

Answer 14

Elizabeth I

Restored Protestantism after Mary I’s Catholic reign

Question 15

115. What city was the largest port in Britain after London?

Answer 15

Liverpool

Grew rapidly in the 18th century due to Atlantic trade, including the slave trade

Question 16

116. What was the main industry in Glasgow during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 16

Shipbuilding

Also known for engineering and textiles

Question 17

117. What was the main religion in Ireland during the reign of James I?

Answer 17

Roman Catholicism remained dominant

Despite efforts to spread Protestantism

Question 18

118. Who was the primary author of the Book of Common Prayer?

Answer 18

Thomas Cranmer

Archbishop of Canterbury under Henry VIII and Edward VI

Question 19

119. What was the primary language of the English court during the Tudor period?

Answer 19

English (Early Modern English)

Replaced French as the language of court and government

Question 20

120. What was the main religion in England during the reign of Elizabeth I?

Answer 20

Protestantism

Established by the Elizabethan Religious Settlement of 1559

Question 21

121. What was the main industry in Northern England during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 21

Textile manufacturing

Especially cotton and wool production

Cities like Manchester and Leeds became industrial centers

Question 22

122. What city is known for its association with William Shakespeare?

Answer 22

Stratford-upon-Avon

His birthplace and burial place

Also linked to London, where he worked

Question 23

123. What year did the English Reformation begin?

Answer 23

1534

When Henry VIII established the Church of England

Question 24

124. What was the primary cause of the Dissolution of the Monasteries?

Answer 24

driven by King Henry VIII’s desire to seize the vast wealth and land held by the Catholic Church, particularly monasteries. This was partly fueled by his break with the Pope and the establishment of the Church of England, as well as financial needs stemming from costly wars. Allegations of corruption and immoral behavior within monasteries were also used as justification, though this was likely a pretext to facilitate the seizure of their assets.

Monasteries owned vast lands and treasures

He wanted to weaken the Catholic Church in England

Question 25

125. What city was the capital of Ireland during the Tudor period?

Answer 25

Dublin Center of English rule in Ireland

Question 26

126. What was the significant religious text introduced during the reign of Edward VI?

Answer 26

The Book of Common Prayer (1549) Written by Thomas Cranmer Introduced Protestant worship in English

Question 27

127. What year did the first Union Flag become the national flag for use at sea?

Answer 27

1606 Combined the flags of England and Scotland

Question 28

128. What city was the main cultural center in Scotland during the Tudor period?

Answer 28

Edinburgh Known for its education, printing, and literature

Question 29

129. What year did the Glorious Revolution occur?

Answer 29

1688 When James II was overthrown and replaced by William III and Mary II

Question 30

130. What was the main language of public worship during the reign of Mary I?

Answer 30

Latin She restored Catholic practices and ended Protestant reforms

Question 31

131. Who was the main opponent of King Charles I during the English Civil War?

Answer 31

Oliver Cromwell Leader of the Parliamentarian (Roundhead) forces

Question 32

132. What city was the main administrative center of England during the Tudor period?

Answer 32

London Center of government, royal court, and Parliament

Question 33

133. Who succeeded James I as the ruler of England?

Answer 33

Charles I His son, ruled from 1625 to 1649

Question 34

134. What was the significant religious settlement introduced by Elizabeth I?

Answer 34

The Elizabethan Religious Settlement (1559) Created a moderate Protestant Church of England a compromise by Queen Elizabeth I to address the religious divides in England, aiming to unite the country under a single Church. It established the monarch's supremacy over the Church of England while incorporating elements of both Catholic and Protestant traditions.

Question 35

135. What city was the main industrial center in Northern Ireland during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 35

Belfast Known for shipbuilding and linen production

Question 36

136. What was the main industry in Northern England during the reign of Henry VIII?

Answer 36

Wool trade England’s economy relied heavily on sheep farming and wool exports

Question 37

137. What was the primary language of the court during the reign of Elizabeth I?

Answer 37

English Replaced French and Latin in most formal settings

Question 38

138. What year did the Act of Uniformity pass during the reign of Elizabeth I?

Answer 38

1559 Required use of the Book of Common Prayer in all churches

Question 39

139. What was the primary cause of the English Reformation?

Answer 39

Henry VIII’s desire for a divorce from Catherine of Aragon The Pope’s refusal led to a break from the Catholic Church detailed: (Political Motives: Henry VIII desperately needed a male heir to secure the Tudor dynasty. After his marriage to Catherine of Aragon produced only a daughter (Mary), he sought an annulment to marry Anne Boleyn, hoping she would bear him a son. Catholic Church's Refusal: The Pope, under the influence of Catherine's nephew, Emperor Charles V, refused to grant the annulment, leading Henry VIII to declare himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England and break from the Roman Catholic Church.)

Question 40

140. Who succeeded Charles I as the ruler of England?

Answer 40

No monarch immediately Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector during the Commonwealth (1649–1660) detailed: After the execution of Charles I in 1649, England became a republic, known as the Commonwealth of England, and was not ruled by a monarch for a period of time. Oliver Cromwell then became Lord Protector, effectively ruling England as a military dictator. Upon the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Charles I's son, Charles II, was proclaimed king

Question 41

141. Who became king in accordance with the Act of Settlement in 1714?

Answer 41

George I From Hanover, chosen to ensure a Protestant monarch

Question 42

142. Whose era continued through 4 successive Georges and ended with the last representative of the line William IV?

Answer 42

The Hanoverian era Spanned from George I to William IV (1714–1837)

Question 43

143. Who was the opposition to the Hanoverians?

Answer 43

The Jacobites Supported James II's descendants (Catholic claimants)

Question 44

144. Who allowed the Whigs to form his government?

Answer 44

George I Trusted the Whigs because they supported his rule (Who Were the Whigs? The Whigs were a political group that supported: Parliamentary power over the king Religious tolerance (especially for Protestants) The Hanoverian dynasty (like George I) Constitutional monarchy)

Question 45

145. Who is considered Britain’s first Prime Minister?

Answer 45

Robert Walpole Held office from 1721 to 1742

Question 46

146. What revolution was in 1689?

Answer 46

The Glorious Revolution Peaceful transfer of power to William and Mary

Question 47

147. What happened in 1832 to English Parliament?

Answer 47

The First Reform Act Gave voting rights to more middle-class men, reduced rotten boroughs

Question 48

148. In what way were the politicians elected?

Answer 48

Politicians were elected by a small group of people—mainly wealthy, land-owning men. The right to vote depended on owning property or land, not on age or citizenship alone. Women, poor men, and most workers could not vote at all. (Before 1832 Reform Act There was no fair representation of population or social class. The aristocracy and rich landowners controlled most of Parliament. Bribery and corruption were common during elections.)

Question 49

149. What war Britain participated in 1740–1748?

Answer 49

War of the Austrian Succession

Question 50

150. What war Britain participated in 1756–1763?

Answer 50

Seven Years' War a combination of European and colonial disputes, primarily between Great Britain and France

Question 51

151. What war Britain participated in 1776–1783?

Answer 51

American War of Independence The 13 Colonies broke away from British rule