tudor, stuart, hanoverian dynasties and other

Question 1

In what century was the Renaissance?

Answer 1

Began in the 14th century in Italy.

Spread to England in the 16th century (1500s), especially during the Elizabethan era.

Marked by revival of classical learning, art, and science.

Question 2

The first printed books.

Answer 2

Introduced in England by William Caxton in 1476.

First printed book in English: “The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye”.

Printing press helped spread literacy and ideas of the Renaissance.

Question 3

66. Who was the first monarch of the Stuart dynasty?

Answer 3

James I of England (James VI of Scotland).

Reigned from 1603 to 1625.

United the crowns of England and Scotland under one monarch.

Question 4

67. What title did Cromwell hold during the Commonwealth?

Answer 4

Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Question 5

68. What battle led to the defeat of James II in 1690?

Answer 5

The Battle of the Boyne (Ireland).

Fought between James II (Catholic) and William III (Protestant).

William’s victory secured Protestant control of the British throne.

Question 6

69. What year did the Great Fire of London occur?

Answer 6

1666

Started in a bakery on Pudding Lane and destroyed much of the city.

Led to major rebuilding efforts and new building regulations.

started on September 2, 1666, and burned for four days, destroying much of the city—including St. Paul’s Cathedral and over 13,000 houses.

Question 7

70. What event marked the end of Elizabeth I’s reign?

Answer 7

The death of Elizabeth I in 1603.

Marked the end of the Tudor dynasty.

She died on March 24, 1603, after ruling for 44 years.
📌 Her death also ended the Tudor dynasty.
👑 She was succeeded by James VI of Scotland, who became James I of England, beginning the Stuart dynasty.

Question 8

Who succeeded Elizabeth I?

Answer 8

James VI of Scotland, who became James I of England.

He was the first monarch of the Stuart dynasty.

United the crowns of England and Scotland.

Question 9

72. What was the dominant religion in Scotland under James I?

Answer 9

Presbyterianism, a form of Protestantism.

Strongly influenced by the ideas of John Knox and the Calvinist tradition.

The Scottish Church opposed bishops and Catholic practices.

Question 10

What dynasty ruled England after the Stuarts?

Answer 10

The Hanoverian dynasty, starting with George I in 1714.

They were German royals invited to rule due to their Protestant faith.

Question 11

What was the Union Jack a combination of?

Answer 11

Cross of St George (England)

Cross of St Andrew (Scotland)

Later combined with Cross of St Patrick (Ireland)

Symbolizes the union of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Question 12

75. What animal is associated with the national emblem of Wales?

Answer 12

The red dragon.

Appears on the Welsh flag and symbolizes strength and bravery.

Question 13

76. In what year did Ireland unite with Great Britain?

Answer 13

In 1801

Formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland through the Act of Union.

Question 14

77. What symbol represents the female embodiment of Britain?

Answer 14

Britannia

A female figure wearing a helmet and holding a trident and shield

Symbolizes British strength, unity, and naval power

Question 15

78. What is the population density of the UK in persons per square mile?

Answer 15

Approximately 700 persons per square mile

One of the highest population densities in Europe

Question 16

79. What is the name of the highest peak in Wales?

Answer 16

Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa in Welsh)

Height: 1,085 metres (3,560 feet)

Located in Snowdonia National Park

Question 17

80. Who wrote the study “Utopia”?

Answer 17

Sir Thomas More

Published in 1516

Describes an ideal society based on reason and justice

Question 18

81. Which dynasty followed the Tudor dynasty?

Answer 18

The Stuart dynasty

Began with James I in 1603, after the death of Elizabeth I

Question 19

82. What city is known as the cultural and educational center of Scotland?

Answer 19

Edinburgh

Home to the University of Edinburgh and many festivals, such as the Edinburgh Festival Fringe

Question 20

83. What percentage of the UK’s land is used for farming?

Answer 20

Approximately 70%

Used for livestock grazing, arable farming, and mixed agriculture

Question 21

84. What year did the Union Flag become the national flag of Great Britain for use ashore?

Answer 21

In 1707

After the Act of Union between England and Scotland

Question 22

85. What year was the Act of Union passed making Wales a province of England?

Answer 22

In 1536

Under Henry VIII, integrating Welsh laws and administration into England

Question 23

86. Who was the main architect of the Scottish Reformation?

Answer 23

John Knox

Introduced Presbyterianism and rejected the authority of the Pope

Question 24

87. What city was the largest in Northern Ireland?

Answer 24

Belfast

Known for its shipbuilding, including the construction of the Titanic

Question 25

Who was known as "Bloody Mary"? Reigned: 1553–1558 🩸 She had over 280 Protestants burned at the stake for heresy while trying to restore Catholicism in England. 💍 She was married to Philip II of Spain. ⚰️ Her death in 1558 led to the reign of Elizabeth I, her Protestant half-sister.

Answer 25

Mary I of England Nicknamed for the execution of Protestants during her attempt to restore Catholicism

Question 26

89. What was the significant religious text reissued during Elizabeth I's reign?

Answer 26

The Book of Common Prayer Standardized Anglican worship and emphasized Protestant doctrines

Question 27

90. What title did Henry VIII hold regarding the English church?

Answer 27

“Supreme Head of the Church of England” Declared in 1534 after the Act of Supremacy

Question 28

91. Which city is known for the famous "pea soup" fogs?

Answer 28

London Known for thick, yellowish fogs caused by coal smoke and damp weather, especially in the 19th and early 20th centuries

Question 29

92. What city is the largest in Scotland?

Answer 29

Glasgow A major center of industry, shipbuilding, and commerce

Question 30

93. What was the main export of Northern Ireland during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 30

Linen Known as "Linenopolis", Belfast became a global center for linen production and export

Question 31

94. Who succeeded Mary I of England?

Answer 31

Elizabeth I Her half-sister, daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn

Question 32

95. What city was rebuilt after the Great Fire of 1666?

Answer 32

London The fire destroyed much of the City of London, leading to extensive rebuilding, including St. Paul's Cathedral

Question 33

96. What was the significant cultural event held in Edinburgh annually?

Answer 33

The Edinburgh Festival (and Fringe Festival) Celebrates theatre, music, comedy, and art, and is one of the world’s largest cultural festivals

Question 34

97. Who were the primary opponents in the English Civil War?

Answer 34

The Royalists (supporters of King Charles I) The Parliamentarians (also known as Roundheads), led by Oliver Cromwell

Question 35

98. Who was the monarch during the Spanish Armada?

Answer 35

Elizabeth I Defended England against the Spanish Armada in 1588

Question 36

99. What was the main religion in Scotland under James I?

Answer 36

Presbyterianism Rooted in Calvinist doctrine and shaped by the Scottish Reformation

Question 37

100. What year was the Act of Supremacy passed?

Answer 37

1534 Declared Henry VIII the Supreme Head of the Church of England, breaking from Rome