Civil War & Reconstruction

Question 1

Movement to end slavery

Answer 1

Abolitionist Movement

Question 2

It was a series of escape routes running from the South to the North helping slaves escape to freedom.

Answer 2

Underground Railroad

Question 3

He was born a slave & escaped when he was a young man. He became an abolitionist & gave speeches describing what freedom meant to him. He started a newspaper called the North Star.

Answer 3

Fredrick Douglas

Question 4

After a dispute over whether Texas belonged to the U.S. or Mexico, A Mexican force attacked American troops, in May 1846 starting this war.

Answer 4

Mexican-American War

Question 5

The land Mexico lost to the U.S. b/w Texas & the Pacific coast. It included the present day states of California, Nevada, Utah, parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado & Wyoming. In return the US paid Mexico $15 million in cash.

Answer 5

Mexican Cession

Question 6

Nebraska Act- Compromises to settle conflicts over admission of new states

Answer 6

Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850 & Kansas

Question 7

Invented by Eli Whitney, it removed the seeds from cotton but also increased the demand for slavery & led to the removal of Indians from their land.

Answer 7

Cotton Gin

Question 8

He led a slave rebellion in where 60 slaves attacked & killed 55 white people. In fear of more slave revolts, Southern States began to pass harsh slave laws.

Answer 8

Nat Turner

Question 9

When people are MORE loyal to their local region (section) than they are to their nation

Answer 9

Sectionalism

Question 10

Elected in 1860, said he did not support the extension of slavery into western territories but main goal at the start of the Civil War 1861-1865 was to PRESERVE THE UNION!

Answer 10

Abraham Lincoln

Question 11

He Restricted individual rights FOR EXAMPLE: restricted freedom of the press,suspended writ of Habeas Corpus,Declared martial law (military rule)

Answer 11

Lincolns Powers Expanded During Civil War

Question 12

This act encouraged settlement of the west (the Great Plains)Must live on the land for 5 years, build a house on the land & make improvements

Answer 12

Homestead Act

Question 13

What was Abraham Lincoln’s goal at the beginning of the Civil War?

Answer 13

“preserve the Union”Keep the country together

Question 14

Only freed Slaves in the states that were still in rebellion against the U.S.

Answer 14

Emancipation Proclamation

Question 15

Lincoln’s speech that honored soldiers who died in battle and fought for the North to keep the country together. Part of speech quoted former president Thomas Jefferson who was from the South and believed in states’ rights

Answer 15

Gettysburg Address

Question 16

Increased power of the Federal government
Secession was no longer an option for states (We are a union of people, not states)

Answer 16

RESULTS of the Civil War

Question 17

Abolishes slavery in U.S.

Answer 17

13th Amendment

Question 18

All persons born in the U.S. are citizens of the U.S.

Answer 18

14th Amendment

Question 19

Cannot take away someone’s right to vote based on race or previous servitude

Answer 19

15th Amendment

Question 20

African-Americans can be forced to use different facilities as long as facilities are provided”separate but equal” is equal,Impact? Jim Crow segregation in south upheld

Answer 20

Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

Question 21

State and local laws designed to create and enforce segregation in the South (Jim Crow not an actual person but a derogatory name for a poor Black American farmer)

Answer 21

Jim Crow laws

Question 22

Farming system that kept former slaves economically dependent on whites. Most common in the South after the Civil war.

Answer 22

Sharecropping

Question 23

Many southern states required voters to pay a tax to vote

Answer 23

Poll Taxes

Question 24

Many southern states required voters to pass a test showing one could read, write and know facts about the History and Government of the United States

Answer 24

Literacy Tests

Question 25

If your grandfather could vote you could vote automatically—Result: Most African Americans in South descendants were not able to vote prior to 1867

Answer 25

Grandfather Clause

Question 26

Organization that provided help to the thousands of African Americans in need of food, education and job training after the Civil War

Answer 26

Freedmen’s Bureau

Question 27

struggle between Johnson & Congress→Johnson fired Edwin Stanton (Johnson acquitted, not impeached)

Answer 27

Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson

Question 28

Ruled that no person descended from an American slave could ever be a U.S. citizen and that slavery could not legally be excluded from U.S. territories.
Historical Significance:
Strengthened Northern slavery opposition; divided the Democratic Party while strengthening the Republican Party; encouraged secessionist elements among Southern supporters of slavery to make bolder demands.

Answer 28

Dred Scott Decision (1857)

Question 29

Abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)

Answer 29

John Brown

Question 30

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s widely read novel that dramatized the horrors of slavery. It heightened Northern support for abolition and escalated the sectional conflict.

Answer 30

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)

Question 31

allowed government officials to arrest any person accused of being a runaway slave; all that was needed to take away someone’s freedoms was word of a white person; northerners required to help capture runaways if requested, suspects had no right to trial

Answer 31

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Question 32

1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.

Answer 32

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Question 33

Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts. Increased Northerners’ criticisms of President Andrew Johnson’s lenient Reconstruction policies.

Answer 33

Black Codes (1865-1866)

Question 34

Stands for Ku Klux Klan and started right after the Civil War in 1866. The Southern establishment took charge by passing discriminatory laws known as the black codes. Gives whites almost unlimited power. They masked themselves and burned black churches, schools, and terrorized black people. They are anti-black and anti-Semitic.

Answer 34

KKK

Question 35

the withdrawal of federal troops and abandonment of federal protection of black civil and voting rights in the South

Answer 35

The Compromise of 1877