CJ 101 Test 2

Question 1

Most police officers spend the majority of their time answering nonemergency public service calls, controlling traffic, or writing tickets

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Police Departments tend to tailor their enforcement efforts to meet the contemporary concerns of the population they serve

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Police departments depend on the ______ ________ to keep the peace in their assigned areas and their job performance is based on whether their “beat is quiet”

Answer 3

Beat Officer

Question 4

When they occur, reducing the number of quality-of-life offenses in a community rarely helps to restore a sense of order reduce fear of crime, or have an impact on the number of serious crimes that occur

Answer 4

False

Question 5

What is meant by the “broken windows model or policing?”

Answer 5

Officers tend to ignore broken-down buildings, therefore leading to a higher crime rate in cities that have a lot of those

Question 6

There are three major levels of public law enforcement that exist in there United States; _______, ________, ________ and each has created a variety of police agencies to enforce its laws

Answer 6

Local, State, Federal

Question 7

The creation of the ______ was partly motivated by the inability of other agencies its to stem the rising tide nationally of America an political and business corruption

Answer 7

FBI

Question 8

Refers to the opportunity of law enforcement officers to exercise choice in their daily activities

Answer 8

Police Discretion

Question 9

The anticipation, recognition, and appraisal of a c rime risk and the initiation of action to eliminate or reduce it

Answer 9

Crime Prevention

Question 10

These offenses involve acts that create physical disorder (excessive noise, vandalism) or that reflect social decay like panhandling and prostitution

Answer 10

Quality-Of-Life Offenses

Question 11

The unbroken line of authority that extends through all levels of a police organization, from the highest level to the lowest

Answer 11

Chain of Command

Question 12

A style of policing marked by a strict concentration with enforcing the precise letter of the law

Answer 12

Legalistic Style

Question 13

Serves as the central location for criminal justice information services (Fingerprints, UCR, etc) for the FBI

Answer 13

Criminal Justice Information Services Division

Question 14

Refers to the number of police personnel or the number of units that can normally be supervised by a particular commanding officer

Answer 14

Span of Control

Question 15

The use of the best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and then evaluate agencies, units, and officers

Answer 15

Evidence-Based Policing

Question 16

Developed by NYPD that involves crime mapping that assists planners in assigning limited resources to those areas with the greatest need

Answer 16

CompStat/CrimeStat

Question 17

Every individual has only one supervisor to whom they answer to and from whom, under normal circumstances, they take orders from

Answer 17

Unity of Command

Question 18

Particular set of values, beliefs, and acceptable forms of behavior characteristics which new recruits are exposed to

Answer 18

Police Subculture

Question 19

A style of policing marked by a concern for order maintenance where informal police intervention into the lives of residents is employed in the service of keeping the peace

Answer 19

Watchman Style

Question 20

Police activity that recognized the need for the community and the police to work together effectively and that is based on the notion that the police derive their legitimacy from the community they serve

Answer 20

Police-Community Relations

Question 21

The _______ ______ _____________ _________ ____________ was conducted in 1974 to test the usefulness of preventive or random patrol

Answer 21

Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment

Question 22

The main focus of today’s FBI has shifted from investigating national crime to ___________

Answer 22

Terrorism

Question 23

The type of officer hired for a community should reflect the attitudes and values of the __________

Answer 23

Citizens

Question 24

Most state police agencies are usually organized after two models. What are they and define each.

Answer 24

Centralized: System in which the responsibility for making decisions is assigned to one person or a small group of people
Decentralized: Power and authority to govern law enforcement are dispersed throughout different levels of government rather than concentrated at the state or national level

Question 25

The majority of local law enforcement agencies in the nation employ fewer than ________ full-time officers

Answer 25

10

Question 26

___________ are elected public officers wise agencies are responsible for the law enforcement function in the unincorporated areas of the county

Answer 26

Sheriffs

Question 27

These organizations are largely an outgrowth of one of the 9/11 commission's criticisms that law enforcement agencies do not talk to each other as they should. They pool/analyze information from law enforcement agencies at all levels. Looking for meaningful patterns and actionable intelligence

Answer 27

Fusion Centers

Question 28

Roles within police agencies generally fall into one of two categories: line and staff. List at least two of the responsibilities of each division.

Answer 28

Line: Training/Preventing Crime Staff: Budget/Mental Health Advocacy

Question 29

The Public Safety Partnership and Community Policing Act of 1994 imposed strict limitations on discretion by police officers

Answer 29

False

Question 30

What was the "Kansas City Experiment" (1974) and describe the basic details of this study. Please explain.

Answer 30

The Kansas City Experiment (1974) was an experiment that analyzed how effective routine police patrol was.

Question 31

The __________ __________ of any police department remains the backbone of police work

Answer 31

Patrol

Question 32

The ________ __ ________ is the popular name given to the first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution

Answer 32

Bill of Rights

Question 33

If a major crime is committed, officers can create their own plain-view situation by moving small insignificant objects around

Answer 33

False

Question 34

In 1966, under the Warren Court, the _________ v. _________ case was decided that established the fact that the police have to advise adult suspects of their constitutional rights following arrest and before being interviewed. What are these rights?

Answer 34

Miranda v. Arizona Right to Remain Silent Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law You have the right to an attorney If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you If you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present, you will still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an attorney.

Question 35

The U.S. Constitution provides for a system of checks and balances among the ___________, _________, and Executive branches of government

Answer 35

Legislative, Judicial

Question 36

Under our system of government, the _______ became the arena for dispute resolution, not just between individuals but between citizens and the agencies of the government

Answer 36

Courts

Question 37

These are cases that produce substantial changes, both in the understanding of the requirements of due process, and in the practical day-to-day operations of the justice system

Answer 37

Landmark Cases

Question 38

Most "Due Process Requirements" of relevance to the police pertain to three major areas

Answer 38

A) Evidence and Investigation (search and seizure) B) Arrest (PC) C) Interrogation

Question 39

The ________ _________ to the U.S. Constitution declares that people must be secure in their houses and in their persons against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Answer 39

Fourth Amendment

Question 40

A warrantless search of an arrested individual conducted to ensure the safety of the arresting officer

Answer 40

Search Incident to an Arrest

Question 41

A writ issued from an appellate court for the purpose of obtaining from a lower court the record of its proceedings

Answer 41

Writ of Certiorari

Question 42

The level of suspicion that would justify an officer in making further inquiry or in conducting further investigation

Answer 42

Reasonable Suspicion

Question 43

These are situations involving both an arrest and custodial interrogation

Answer 43

Miranda Triggers

Question 44

Any evidence that is seized without regard to principles of due process as required by the Bill of Rights

Answer 44

Illegally Seized Evidence

Question 45

Search warrants issued on the basis of PC to believe that evidence of a crime, while not currently at the place described, will likely be there when the warrant is executed

Answer 45

Anticipatory Warrant

Question 46

A legal principle that excludes from introduction at trial any evidence later developed as a result of an illegal search or seizure

Answer 46

Fruit of the Poisonous Tree

Question 47

The act of taking an adult or juvenile into physical custody by authority of law for the purpose of charging the person with a criminal offense

Answer 47

Arrest

Question 48

Information-gathering activity of police officers that involves the direct questioning of suspects

Answer 48

Police Interrogation

Question 49

Involves the swallowing or insertion into body cavities of drug-filled containers for the purpose of drug smuggling

Answer 49

Canal Smuggling

Question 50

The "Exclusionary Rule", which holds that evidence illegally seized by the police cannot be used in a federal trial, was established in which case?

Answer 50

Weeks v. U.S.

Question 51

This case made the "Exclusionary Rule" applicable, not only in federal court, bit criminal prosecutions at the state level as well

Answer 51

Mapp v. Ohio

Question 52

What is meant by the "Plain View Doctrine?" Please Explain.

Answer 52

The "Plain View Doctrine" is applied when an officer can gain the right to search without a warrant if there is evidence in the officers line of sight

Question 53

Technically, an _______ occurs whenever a law enforcement officer restricts a person's freedom to leave

Answer 53

Arrest

Question 54

The U.S. Supreme Court has established a clear rule that police officers have the right to conduct a search of a person being arrested and to search the area under the arrestee's immediate control to protect themselves from attack

Answer 54

True

Question 55

Probable cause permits a warrantless search of a vehicle because a vehicle is able to easily _________

Answer 55

Leave A Jurisdiction

Question 56

Searches of home computers are permissible without a search warrant if the officer can conduct the search without damaging any of the equipment

Answer 56

False

Question 57

This U.S. Supreme Court case establishes that suspects have the right to have a lawyer present during police interrogations

Answer 57

Escobedo v. Illinois

Question 58

Suspects in police custody may legally waive their Miranda Rights through a voluntary "knowing and intelligent" waiver

Answer 58

True

Question 59

If officers are a suspect into custody, they cannot even listen to a suspect talk without first advising the of their rights first

Answer 59

False

Question 60

The USA Patriot Act (2001) made it easier for police investigations to intercept many forms of electronic communication

Answer 60

True

Question 61

Acceptance of small gratuities is normal behavior and acceptable to most police administrators

Answer 61

False

Question 62

Being exposed to ethics training during a police academy should never be considered enough and this type of training should be ongoing throughout one's law enforcement career

Answer 62

True

Question 63

The intentional use of a firearm or other instrument resulting in a high probability of death

Answer 63

Deadly Force

Question 64

The branch of a police organization tasked with investigating charges of wrongdoing involving members of the department

Answer 64

Internal Affairs

Question 65

The special responsibility to adhere to moral duty and obligation that is inherent in police work

Answer 65

Police Ethics

Question 66

Information-gathering activity of police officers that involves the direct questioning of suspects

Answer 66

Police Interrogation

Question 67

These are designed to disable, capture, or immobilize - but not kill - a suspect

Answer 67

Less-Lethal Weapon

Question 68

The abuse of police authority for a personal or organizational gain

Answer 68

Corruption

Question 69

This practice is widely condemned as being unethical and discriminatory and its use weakens public confidence the police

Answer 69

Racial Profiling

Question 70

The use of physical restraint by a police officer when dealing with a member of the public

Answer 70

Police Use of Force

Question 71

The Knapp Commission distinguished between two types of corrupt officers. Name the two types and give a short definition of each

Answer 71

Grass-Eater: Accepting Gratuities Meat-Eater: Using an Excess Amount of Force as an Abuse of Power

Question 72

The 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center resulted in the greatest ever single-incident line-of-duty deaths for police officers

Answer 72

True

Question 73

If you do the job properly, stress and fatigue will not be a problem for a police officer

Answer 73

False

Question 74

The core mission of policing has not changes, but agencies at all levels devote more time and resources to preparing for possible terrorist attacks

Answer 74

True

Question 75

Excessive force, excessive use of force and illegal use of force are commonly interchangeable terms that essentially mean the same thing

Answer 75

False

Question 76

Although ethnic minorities are not employed in policing in significant numbers, women are still significantly underrepresented

Answer 76

True

Question 77

No use in policing has caused as much controversy over the past few decades as the use of ____________

Answer 77

Force

Question 78

The majority of police officers killed on duty were victims of shootings

Answer 78

True

Question 79

The Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment found that preventative patrol significantly decreased the amount of crime in a given area

Answer 79

False