Clark- Hypothalamus and Pituitary

Question 1

trigger of diabetes insipidus

Answer 1

• damage to pituitary resulting in insufficient release of ADH (vasopressin)

Question 2

hormones produced by posterior pituitary

Answer 2

ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin

Question 3

hormones produced by anterior pituitary

Answer 3

FLAT PiG

• follicle stimulating hormone
• leutenizing hormone
• ACTH - adrenal corticotropic hormone
• TSH - thyroid stimulating hormone
• Prolactin
• Growth hormone

Question 4

4 regions of the hypothalamus

Answer 4

preoptic area
anterior (supraoptic) region
middle (tuberal) region
posterior (mammillary) region

Question 5

nucleus in preoptic area

Answer 5

medial preoptic nucleus

Question 6

fxn medial prepptic nucleus

Question 7

preoptic area content

Answer 7

medial preoptic nucleus

Question 8

fxn medial preoptic nucleus

Answer 8

• produces gonadotropin releasing hormones (GnRH)

-

Question 9

anterior (supraoptic) region content

Answer 9

1- paraventricular nucleus
2- anterior nucleus
3- suprachiasmatic nucleus
4- supraoptic nucleus

PASS

Question 10

middle (tuberal) region

Answer 10

1- dorsomedial nucleus
2- ventromedial nucleus
3- arcuate nucleus
VAD

Question 11

posterior (mammillary) region

Answer 11

1- posterior nucleus

2- mammillary bodies

Question 12

paraventricular nucleus fxn

Answer 12

vasopressin and oxytocin

Question 13

anterior nucleus

Answer 13

…

Question 14

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 14

• helps regulate circadian rhythms

- receices input from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum

Question 15

supraoptic nucleus

Answer 15

vasopresin and oxytocin

Question 16

dorsomedial nucleus fxn

Answer 16

• emotional response center

- sham rage, aggressive behavior

Question 17

ventromedial nucleus fxn

Answer 17

• satiety and fullness center

Question 18

arcuate nucleus fxn

Answer 18

• releases GNRH and prolactin-inhibiting hormone

Question 19

posterior nucleus

Answer 19

…

Question 20

mammillary bodies

Answer 20

• part of the limbic system

Question 21

anterior zone of hypothalamus

Answer 21

• mediates parasympathetic effects to conserve energy

- stimulation of this area promotes a sense of fullness, restfulness and a reduction in body temp

Question 22

posterior zone of hypothalamus

Answer 22

…

Question 23

lateral hypothalamus

Answer 23

important in appetite

Question 24

medial hypothalamus

Answer 24

inhibits appetite; leptin

Question 25

leptin

Answer 25

hormone produced in adipose tissue, binds to Ob receptors in the hypothalamus appear to be inhibiting appetite

Question 26

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 26

- helps regulate circadian rhythms - receices input from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum - receives input from both basal ganglia and cerebellum

Question 27

dorsomedial nucleus fxn

Answer 27

- emotional response center - sham rage, aggressive behavior - projects to cingulate gyrus - projects to same cortial area as the lateral dorsal nucleusjj

Question 28

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 28

- helps regulate circadian rhythms - lesion would lead to difficulty sleeping; take melatonin - receices input from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum - receives input from both basal ganglia and cerebellum

Question 29

Diabetes insipidis signs

Answer 29

polyuria, polydipsia (drinking a lot of water)

Question 30

Diabetes insipidus pathology

Answer 30

...

Question 31

Korsakov syndrome signs

Answer 31

...

Question 32

Korsakov syndrome pathology

Answer 32

...

Question 33

pontine demyelination cause

Answer 33

hyponatremia

Question 34

craniopharyngioma signs

Answer 34

child running into objects (bitemporal hemianopsia)

Question 35

Pyridoxine deficiency seizures due to

Answer 35

GABA deficiency

Question 36

acute onset of confusion, orientation and seizure

Answer 36

Herpes simplex virus

Question 37

Kluver Bucy syndrome pathology

Answer 37

tumor on amygdala

Question 38

Kluver Bucy signs

Answer 38

hypersexuality, loss of fear