CLASP formative

Question 1

is telomere inhibitor a type of cytotoxic chemotherapy?

Answer 1

No

cytotoxic chemotherapy=anthracycline, taxane, alkylating agent, and platinum

Question 2

What type of tumour is most strongly linked with smoking?

Answer 2

pulmonary small cell carcinoma

Question 3

Smooth muscle tissue growth occurs by which process?

Answer 3

hyperplasia

Question 4

the worst outcome for a tumour is based on incomplete excision, with
True/False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma are most commonly located where?

Answer 5

centrally within the lungs

Question 6

pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumours are not to be investigated for an inherited cancer syndrome? T/F?

Answer 6

true

Question 7

Why does a family have a substitution of A to G in exon 11 of the KIT gene but have no history of cancer?

Answer 7

They require more than one genetic abnormality for cancer to develop

Question 8

Define metaplasia?

Answer 8

reversible change from one mature cell type to another mature cell type

Question 9

is Hepatoma a malignant lesion?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

mesthelioma is linked to which type of asbestos fibre?

Answer 10

Chrysotile

Question 11

Ablative is a term used to describe cancer treatment?

Answer 11

False

cancer treatment are described as adjuvant, palliative, radical and neo-adjuvant

Question 12

Which hepatitis is most strong linked to hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 12

Hep C

Question 13

Carcinoma is a malignant tumour derived from WHICH LAYER?

Answer 13

EPITHELIUM

Question 14

Which disease has the strongest risk for developing cholangiocarcnioma?

Answer 14

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 15

Grading of malignancy is described as ?

Answer 15

the degree of cytological atypia

Question 16

which virus is responsible for subset of malignancies?

Answer 16

epstein barr virus

Question 17

malignant cells classically have what time of nucleus to cytplasm ratio?

Answer 17

high nucleur to cytoplasmic ratio

Question 18

Confusion is/is not a common side affect of chemo?

Answer 18

is not

Question 19

What test characteristics is most important for diagnosing malignancy with a tumour marker ?

Answer 19

sensitivity

Question 20

Human chorionic gonadtrophin (HCG) and alpha feto protein (AFP) are widely used as tumour markers to monitor germ cell tumours (e.g. testes). True/False?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

which phase in the cell cycle does P53 cause an arrest?

Answer 21

between G1 and S phase

Question 22

Abnormality in the mismatch repair proteins as seen in the lynch syndrome can be seen by?

Answer 22

the presence of microsatellite instability

Question 23

What type of mutations directly activate an oncogene ?

Answer 23

an amino acid change=missense

Question 24

what does drug herceptin TM target?

Answer 24

Targets the epidermal growth factor receptor

Question 25

what are the common late side effects of radiotherapy?

Answer 25

menopause, skin fibrosis, bladder instability and faecal urgency

Question 26

In PROSTATE CANCER what is prostate specific antigen used for?

Answer 26

diagnosis and monitoring

Question 27

Human papilloma virus promotes carcinogenesis by ?

Answer 27

degrading normally produced p53

Question 28

Chest x ray shows multiple ill defined round opacities in both lungs. this is most likely to represent either a metastatic colorectal cancer or a metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 28

metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Question 29

What is lynch syndrome?

Answer 29

is a condition that can run in families. LS is also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). It is caused by an alteration in a gene called a mismatch repair gene.

Question 30

Who is more likely to have lynch syndrome? a-48 year old with endometrial (uterine) cancer and colonic polyps b-42 year old with gastric carcinoid tumours and lesions of the pancreas, pituitary and parathyroid gland

Answer 30

A

Question 31

Refractory coeliac disease can progress to?

Answer 31

T cell-lymphoma

Question 32

45 year old with malignant tumour in the right upper lobe of the right lung. not likely to metastasise in spleen or adrenal glands? which one?

Answer 32

spleen

Question 33

Gastric cancer is/is not related to obesity ?

Answer 33

is not

Question 34

a risk for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma is barrets/plummer vinson syndrome?

Answer 34

plummer vinson syndrome

Question 35

What is plummer vinson syndrome?

Answer 35

rare disease characterised by difficulty swallowing, iron deficiency anaemia, glossitis, cheilosis and oesophageal webs

Question 36

where in the colon is lynch syndrome most common?

Answer 36

ascending colon

Question 37

radiation kills cells mainly by interacting with which component?

Answer 37

DNA STRANDS

Question 38

What are recording endpoints after cancer treatment?

Answer 38

toxicity free survival

Question 39

A well circumscribed tumour protruding into the bronchus with a yellow cut surface is most likely to be a

Answer 39

carcinoid tumour

Question 40

Children are most likely to suffer from malignancy of

Answer 40

blood cells, brain cells and mesenchymal cells

Question 41

Mesenchymal cells?

Answer 41

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue)

Question 42

Small cell carcinoma of the lung may result in increase in PTH or ADH hormone?

Answer 42

excess production of ADH

Question 43

Bcl2 relates to which of the “Wienberg Hallmarks” of cancer?

Answer 43

evasion of apoptosis

Question 44

.A mutation in a promoter is likely to result in

Answer 44

: absence of protein