Class terms and lectures (after quiz 2)

Question 1

Hadley cell

Answer 1

Wind pattern in the tropics and sub tropics

Question 2

Adiabatic temp change

Answer 2

Change in temperature

Question 3

Rising air ____

Answer 3

Cools

Question 4

Sinking air ____

Answer 4

Warms

Question 5

Draw the Hadley cell

Answer 5

Two boxes with 0 degrees in the middle and 30 degrees in bottom right

Question 6

At high altitude air turns to the ___

Answer 6

right due to Coriolis effect (towards the east)

Question 7

When close to the surface air turns to the ___

Answer 7

Left (towards the west)

Question 8

Trade winds (close to the surface)

Answer 8

Surface winds move past to west near equator

Question 9

Which way do winds flow in a Jet Stream (high altitude)

Answer 9

Winds flow west to east near 30 degrees N/S

Question 10

Rising air is associated with ___

Answer 10

Precipitation (rain)

Question 11

Sinking air associated with ___

Answer 11

Clear skies

Question 12

Sinking air results in ____

Answer 12

Persistent dry conditions Ex. Deserts

Question 13

Rising air drives ___ near equator

Answer 13

Thunderstorms

Question 14

What happens with a Strong temperature gradient?

Answer 14

Solar energy and temperature change rapidly with latitude

Question 15

Mid latitudes differ from tropics because

Answer 15

1. Stronger temperature gradient
2. Much stronger Coriolis effect

Question 16

Coriolis is stronger as you ___

Answer 16

move away from the equator

Question 17

Winds move from

Answer 17

west to east on average

Question 18

Hadley cell exists why?

Answer 18

Equator is generally warmer than surrounding regions

Question 19

Hadley cell moves ____ away from equator

Answer 19

heat

Question 20

Winds in atmosphere move to equalize ___

Answer 20

Temperature gradient between equator and poles

Question 21

Temperature gradient between equator and poles is equalized via

Answer 21

Hadley cell in the tropics and high/low pressure system in the mid latitudes

Question 22

Mid latitudes have High and low pressure systems to move heat because of

Answer 22

stronger temp gradients and stronger Coriolis

Question 23

Evaporation

Answer 23

Most water evaporates from the ocean, tropics, and sub tropics

Question 24

Amount of water vapor in the atmosphere controlled by what?

Answer 24

rates of evaporation and condensation

Question 25

Humidity

Answer 25

Amount of water vapor in the atmopshere

Question 26

Absolute humidity

Answer 26

Amount of water vapor actually in the air

Question 27

Saturation humidity

Answer 27

Amount of water vapor that could be in the air

Question 28

Saturation humidity is dependent on what?

Answer 28

Temperature

Question 29

Relative humidity

Answer 29

Absolute humidity divided by saturation humidity (math)

Question 30

Relative humidity is a percentage between what?

Answer 30

0-100%

Question 31

If absolute humidity is equal to saturation humidity, relative humidity is equal to what?

Answer 31

100%

Question 32

If absolute humidity stays the same and temperature rises, ___ ___ rises but ___ ___ falls

Answer 32

1. Saturation Humidity 2. Relative Humidity

Question 33

If Temperature declines __ __ rises

Answer 33

Relative humidity

Question 34

If relative humidity equals 100%, what occurs?

Answer 34

Condensation (removal of water from air)

Question 35

As air rises pressure ____, Temperature ___ Saturation humidity ____, and Relative humidity ____

Answer 35

1. Decreases 2. Decreases (cools) 3. Decreases 4. Increases

Question 36

At some height above the surface, air cools enough to raise its relative humidity to

Answer 36

100%

Question 37

Evaporation

Answer 37

Consumes energy; at higher temps more energy is available for evaporation which is now faster

Question 38

Condensation

Answer 38

Releases energy (think of tea pot emitting steam); air warms when condensation occurs

Question 39

If condensation is happening faster than evaporation, a region is ___ ___

Answer 39

Gaining heat

Question 40

Why does sweating cool you?

Answer 40

Evaporating of sweat takes energy away from your skin

Question 41

Why does precipitation warm the air?

Answer 41

Water must first condense which releases energy

Question 42

Evap > Prec

Answer 42

Losing heat to water vapor

Question 43

Prec > Evap

Answer 43

Gaining heat from water vapor

Question 44

The tropics in the mid latitude are gaining what from the subtropics?

Answer 44

Gaining Heat from the subtropics

Question 45

The Subtropics are losing what to the Tropics in the Mid latitude?

Answer 45

Losing heat to the tropics in the mid latitude

Question 46

An unstable atmosphere means?

Answer 46

Rising air keeps rising on its own.

Question 47

Rising air remains ___ than its surroundings

Answer 47

Warmer

Question 48

Stable atmosphere means?

Answer 48

Rising air stops rising

Question 49

Rising air does what faster than its surroundings?

Answer 49

Cools

Question 50

Air does what as it rises?

Answer 50

Cools

Question 51

What is Lapse rate?

Answer 51

Rate at which temperature of air changes with height

Question 52

For a rising air parcel, if relative humidity is < 100% rising parcel will cool at ___ degrees Celsius, the dry abiotic lapse rate

Answer 52

10

Question 53

If relative humidity is 100%, rising air cools at __ degrees Celsius/km

Answer 53

5

Question 54

If relative humidity is 100%, what is occuring?

Answer 54

Condensation

Question 55

Saturated air cools ___ because condensation releases _____

Answer 55

Slowly, Heat

Question 56

Absolute instability

Answer 56

ELR > DALR > MALR

Question 57

How do you calculate the ELR in a parcel diagram thingamajig?

Answer 57

Surface temp - Parcel surrounds temp

Question 58

Conditional instability

Answer 58

MALR > ELR > DALR

Question 59

Parcel is unstable if humidity is ___

Answer 59

100%

Question 60

Factors that affect atmospheric stability

Answer 60

Warm air near surface means increase in ELR which means more unstable surface

Question 61

Cool air at high altitude increase ___ which means more ___ ___

Answer 61

ELR, Unstable atmosphere