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HUB 101 > Class Test 1 > Flashcards

Class Test 1 Flashcards

Cell Structure and Functions, Cell organelles, Plasma membrane I & II

1
Q

Respiration of Prokaryotes

A

Aerobic and Anaerobic

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2
Q

What is the cell wall is made of ?

A

Murein (peptidoglycan)

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3
Q

What is the difference between the cytoplasm and the cytosol ?

A

Cytoplasm is the jelly like substance containing all the contents inside the cell membrane , except for the nucleus. The cytosol is the intracellular fluid not including the cell’s contents

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4
Q

S number of Ribosome

A

70 S

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5
Q

Role of the capsule

A

Slime layer, stops bacteria from drying out, prevents viral infections and is useful for adhesion

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6
Q

What are plasmids ?

A

Small circular loops of DNA

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7
Q

Flagella made of

A

Protein fibers called flagellin

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8
Q

T/F: Does pili help with cell conjugation (exchange of plasmids)

A

True

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9
Q

DNA is known as

A

Blue print of life

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10
Q

Why is the cell membrane called the Fluid Mosaic Model ?

A

Fluid because individual phospholipids and proteins can move side to side within the layer as if it’s a liquid.

Mosaic because of the pattern the protein molecules produce when the membrane is viewed from above.

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11
Q

Polar heads are made of ? Nonpolar tails are made of ?

A

1) PO4 group + glycerol
2) Fatty acid

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12
Q

What does the fluid mosaic model describe or illustrate ?

A

It describes the cell membrane as a tapestry of several types of molecules that are constantly moving.

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13
Q

What is the ratio between the solute and the solvent in a hypertonic solution ?

A

solute > solvent

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14
Q

What does plasmolysis lead to ?

A

Flaccidity

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15
Q

Cytolysis is a result of

A

Hypotonic solution

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16
Q

The steeper the concentration gradient the ______ the rate of diffusion.

A

faster

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17
Q

What is the shape of an isotonic cell ?

A

Biconcave disk

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18
Q

Osmosis is the diffusion of____.

A

water

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19
Q

Pores used in osmosis

A

Aquaporins

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20
Q

Microfilaments are made up of _____ protein . Microtubules are made up of _____ protein.

A

1) Actin
2) Tubulin

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21
Q

T/F: The two types of microfilaments are actin and cordial.

A

False. Actin and Intermediate

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22
Q

Microtubules make up:

A

cilia , flagella , spindle fibers

23
Q

An example of where microfilaments are:

A

Skeletal Muscle

24
Q

Another name for the Golgi apparatus is :

A

“Delivery System of the Cell”

25
Q

What does the CIS face do ?
What does the TRANS face do ? (Golgi Apparatus)

A

CIS: Receives
TRANS: Delivers

26
Q

What are the two types of transfer proteins ?

A

Channel and Carrier

27
Q

Most common form of Endocytosis:

A

Pinocytosis

28
Q

What are two organelles that have their own DNA ?

A

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

29
Q

Site of protein synthesis is

A

Rough ER

30
Q

T/F: Active transport moves molecules along(down) the concentration gradient

A

False. Against the concentration gradient.

31
Q

Phagocytosis is
a)cell drinking
b)cell eating

A

B) cell eating

32
Q

What is the action potential of the sodium-potassium pump ?

A

+35

33
Q

Give 2 examples of molecules that are transported by Receptor-Mediated endocytosis.

A

Hormones, cholesterol, ligase, legumes

34
Q

What kind of energy does Simple Diffusion use ?

A

Natural Kinetic Energy

35
Q

What are the 2 types of proteins ?

A

Peripheral and Integral.

36
Q

How does cholesterol benefit the cell ?

A

Cholesterol is a type of steroid. It maintains the stability of the cell membrane and helps in regulating molecules entering and exiting the cell.

37
Q

Hoes do carbohydrates benefit the cell ?

A

It is a major recognition site and attaching site for pathogens.

38
Q

What material can easily pass through the plasma membrane ?

A

Lipids

39
Q

What is the site for cellular respiration ?

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

T/F: The chloroplast, mitochondria, ribosome, and nucleus all have a double membrane.

A

False. The ribosome is NOT membrane bound.

41
Q

T/F: The nucleolus is non dividing.

A

True

42
Q

T/F:A prokaryotic cell has 4 chromosomes.

A

False. It has one strand of DNA called “naked DNA” because it is free in the cytoplasm.

43
Q

T/F: The human liver cells produce a large amount of protein.

A

True

44
Q

What are the 2 types of ribosomes ?

A

Free ribosome and Bound ribosome.

45
Q

The eukaryotic cell is how many svedberg unit (S) ?

A

80

46
Q

How does the mitochondria get its DNA ?

A

It’s maternary (from your mom) inherited

47
Q

What are the enzymes found in lysosomes ?

A

Hydrolytic enzymes

48
Q

T/F: The nucleus , Mitochondria, and plasmids have their own DNA.

A

True

49
Q

What makes meat feel slimy ?

A

Glycocalyx

50
Q

Turgid cell membrane

A

Hypotonic

51
Q

Flaccid cell

A

Hypertonic

52
Q

Interlocking plasma membrane cells bind cells through_______.

A

Junctions (cell talking)

53
Q

The 7 functions of the plasma membrane are:

A

1)Protective barrier
2)Regulate transport in & out of cell (selectively permeable)
3) Allow cell recognition
4) Provide anchoring sites for filaments of cytoskeleton
5) Provide a binding site for enzymes
6) Interlocking surfaces bind cells together (junctions)
7)Contains the cytoplasm (fluid in cell)

HUB 101 (4 decks)

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