class trematoda

Question 1

what class is the fluke included

Answer 1

class trematoda

Question 2

Flukes under this class are dorso-vetrally flattened, unsegmented and have leaf-like body.

Answer 2

class trematoda

Question 3

subclasses of trematoda

Answer 3

monogenea
digenea
aspidogastrea

Question 4

this subclass has a direct life cycle/ no IH which needs only 1 host

Answer 4

monogenea

Question 5

animals that are monogenea

Answer 5

most endoparasite of fishes, amphibians and reptiles

Question 6

this subclass under trematoda is of great importance in veterinary medicine

Answer 6

digenea

Question 7

subclass that has indirect life cycle and needs 2 host for reproduction

Answer 7

digenea

Question 8

parasites included in digenea

Answer 8

endoparasites in domestic and wild animals

Question 9

in digenea, what reproduction happens in IH and in FH

Answer 9

sexual in FH and asexual in IH

Question 10

Parasitic in or on fishes, turtles, molluscs or crustacea

Answer 10

aspidogastrea

Question 11

Digenetic Trematodes)

Answer 11

digenea

Question 12

These trematodes are hermaphroditic endoparasites except for the
Schistosomes in which they have a separate male and female sex organs

Answer 12

digenea

Question 13

Sex organs
of male digentic trematodes are composed of

Answer 13

Testes, Vas efferens, Vas
deferrens, Seminal vesicle, Prostate gland and Cirrus.

Question 14

this organ may be present which encloses the Seminal vesicle, prostate glands and the
cirrus.

Answer 14

cirrus or cirrus sac

Question 15

digenetic trematode female sex organ is composed of:

Answer 15

Ovary, oviduct (with
receptaculum semenis, Laurel’s canal), ootype and uterus.

Question 16

a narrow canal opening on the dorsal surface of the body. It serves as an outlet of
injurious materials used for making shells of the eggs

Answer 16

laurel’s canal

Question 17

consisting of follicles that discharges yolk materials into the yolk duct which joins the oviduct in a wide portion

Answer 17

vitellaria or paired vitelline or yolk glands

Question 18

the unicellular glands that surrounds the ootype where eggs are formed

Answer 18

mehli’s gland or shell gland

Question 19

Shells are formed by

Answer 19

secretions of vitelline and Mehli’s glands

Question 20

life cycle of digenetic trematodes in general

Answer 20

egg-miracidium-sporocyst-redia-cercaria-metacercaria-immature fluke in liver parenchyma-adult fluke in bile ducts

Question 21

what do you call the larva that hatches from the egg

Answer 21

miracidium

Question 22

roughly triangular in shape with ciliated covering and free-swimming in water. They may have anterior spine for boring into the intermediate host which are usually snails.

Answer 22

miracidium

Question 23

After the miracidium penetrates the snail host (IH), the ciliated covering is lost
and eventually becomes a

Answer 23

sporocyst

Question 24

These sporocyst then gives rise to another larval stage known as the

Answer 24

redia

Question 25

The redia has

Answer 25

oral sucker, pharynx, and sac like intestines

Question 26

Furthermore, the redial stage will produce the final stage which is known as

Answer 26

cercaria

Question 27

produce from the germinal cells of the sporocyct or redia in other species

Answer 27

cercaria

Question 28

has suckers, intestines, excretory and nervous systems, special glands and sometimes anterior spine.

Answer 28

cercaria

Question 29

what grows in cercaria which is used for swimming or propelling itself out of the snail

Answer 29

a tail

Question 30

These cercaria may encyst in herbage and vegetation or second Intermediate hosts. The encysted cercaria is known as the

Answer 30

metacercaria

Question 31

phenomenon of producing many individuals by single egg/ larva.

Answer 31

paedogenesis/polyembryo

Question 32

Modes of transmission of cercaria to the animal host

Answer 32

1. Dringking water contaminated with cercariae/ metacercariae 2. Ingestion of metacercariae in herbage 3. Ingestion of Intermediate host (snails) 4. Penetration of intact skin by Schistosome cercariae

Question 33

Classification of flukes according to anatomical structures (the nature and location of suckers, shape or body, etc.)

Answer 33

monostome distome amphistome holostome echinostome schistosome

Question 34

only the oral sucker is present, they do not have ventral sucker.

Answer 34

monostome

Question 35

both oral and ventral suckers are present, ventral sucker is away from posterior end.

Answer 35

distome

Question 36

the oral and ventral suckers present at each extremity.

Answer 36

amphistome

Question 37

the body has characteristic constriction, dividing the body into two portions.

Answer 37

holostome

Question 38

characterized by the presence of head collar with spines

Answer 38

echinostome

Question 39

characterized by the separate sex or unisexual (male and female) unlike the other species.

Answer 39

schistosome

Question 40

Classification of Cercariae based on tail development

Answer 40

cercariaeum microcercous leptocercous lophocercous furcocercous xiphidiocercariae

Question 41

cercariae that has no tail

Answer 41

cercariaeum

Question 42

cercariae that has a small, stumpy tail

Answer 42

microcercous

Question 43

cercaria with long, simple tail

Answer 43

leptocercous

Question 44

cercariae that the body has dorsal, long undulating fin fold tail

Answer 44

lophocercous

Question 45

cercariae where tha tail bifurcates distally

Answer 45

furcocercous

Question 46

cercariae that has an oral sucker equipped with anterior spone

Answer 46

xiphidiocercariae