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FF: cardio content > class two: pulmonary exam > Flashcards

class two: pulmonary exam Flashcards

1
Q

inspritaroy reserve volume

A

the amount of air that can be forcible inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume

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2
Q

expirapry reserve volume

A

how much air hat you can get out of your lungs after your normal tidal volume

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3
Q

what is reserve volume

A

the air the is left over in the lungs after expirtoary reserve volume is exhaled

always present in the lungs

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4
Q

what is tidal volume

A

500 ml

air inhaled during normal breathing

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5
Q

what is happening with COPD

A

the is chronic obstructive disorder

people do not have a issue getting air into the lungs but they have a hard time getting air out

this mean reserve volume increases

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6
Q

what is ispertaity capcity equal to

A

IRV + TV

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7
Q

what is vital capcity

A

the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after inhaling as much as possible

IRV + TV + ERV

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8
Q

what is total lung capacity

A

IRV + TV + ERV + RV

the max amount of air that can fill the lungs

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9
Q

what is functional res. cap.

A

RV + ERV

this increased with COPD because of the increase in RV

AIR IN THE LUNGS FOLLOWING TV

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10
Q

is asthma restrictive of obstructive

A

obstructive

the bronchioles get inflamed (muscus) and makes it hard to exhale

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11
Q

what happens to lungs volumes with restrictive diseases

A

everything decreases

forced expiratory volume remains normal

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12
Q

which lung volumes increases with obstructive lung diseases

A

TV, FRC, RV, TLC

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13
Q

what are some example of restrictive lug diseases

A

lung fibrosis, PNA, ankylosing spondylosis, hemothorax

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14
Q

what are some examples of obstructive lung disease

A

CBABE

COPD

bronchitis

asthmas

brochiestiesis

emphysema

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15
Q

what is pulmomary fibrosis

A

this is scaring of the lungs

occurs in older age from unknown eviromental cuases

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16
Q

for COPD what does the FEV1/FVC ratio have to be

A

<70%

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17
Q

FEV1 > 80% COPD

A

mild

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18
Q

FEV1 > 50% COPD

A

moderate

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19
Q

FEV1 > 30% COPD

A

severe

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20
Q

FEV1 <30% COPD

A

very severe

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21
Q

what are vesicular breath sounds

A

soft with low pitch

heard over most of the lung area

inspriation is longer the expiration

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22
Q

what is the location of vesicular breath sounds

A

over most of the lungs

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23
Q

what are broncho-vesicular lung sounds

A

intensity - intermediate
pitch - intermediate

inspiratory and expiration the same length

24
Q

what is the location of bronch vesciular breath sounds

A

between the first and secound rib anteriorly and between the shoulder blades

25
what are brochial breath sounds
loud and high expiratory is longer the inspiratory
26
where are brochial breath sound heard
over the manubrium
27
what are tracheal breath sounds
very loud and high both inspiration and expiration are equal
28
where are tracheal breath sounds heard
over the tracheal
29
what is rhonchi
continuous low pitch rattling sound often resemble snoring (the rhino snores)
30
what kind of pt is rhonchi heard in
COPD, brochiectasis, PNA, chronic bronchitis, or CF
31
what is bronchiectasis
a chronic lung disease that causes the airways of the lungs to permanently widen, leading to a buildup of mucus and making the lungs more susceptible to infection
32
what os wheeze lung sound
a high pitched sound often heard with expiration if severe can be heard with inspiration as well
33
what is wheeze lung sound caused by
airway obstruction ( COPD, asthma, or aspiration of a foreign body)
34
what are crackles lung sounds
brief discontinuous popping sounds that are high pitched can be heard in both phases
35
what are pleural rub lungs sounds
Auscultation in the lower lateral chest areas it occurs with each inspiration and expiration. It can be an indication of pleural inflammation.
36
what is brochophony
increased vocital resonence with greater clarity and loudness of spoken words 99
37
what is Egophony:
A form of bronchophony in which the spoken long “E” sounds changes to a long, nasal sounding “A”. E > A
38
what is Whispered pectoriloquy:
An increased loudness of whispering. Recognition of whispered words “1, 2, 3”.
39
when looking at voice sound what is indicated when they are off
indication of secreation and cosolidation in the lungs clear sounds are abnormal
40
what is Atelectasis
a condition that occurs when part or all of a lung collapses, resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.
41
what is Pneumothorax
occurs when air accumulates in the space between the lung and chest wall. This air can put pressure on the lung, causing it to collapse. A pneumothorax can affect the entire lung or just a part of it
42
what is the normal average for our blood pH
7.35-7.45
42
PaCO2 should be around what
35-45
43
HcO3 should be around what
22 -26
44
PaCO2 what is considered acidic
>45
45
HCO3 what is considered acidic
<22
46
what is respiratory acidosis
pH decreased PaCO2 increase HCO3 normal
47
what is respiratory alkalosis
pH increase PaCO2 decrease HCO3 normal
48
PaCO2 or HCO3 respirotry
PaCO2
49
what is metabolic acidosis
pH decrease PaCO2 normal HCO3 decrease
50
what is metabolic alkylosis
pH increase PaCO2 normal HCO3 increase
51
ROME
respiratory - CO2 does the opposite to pH metabolic - HCO3 does the equal (same) as pH
52
Is IRV OR ERV higher
IRV is greater because of reserve volume taking up some space in terms of expiatory reserve volume
53
WHAT IS FEV1
forced expiratory volume on one sec the volume of air exhaled in one sec under force after max inhalation
54
what is FVC
the total volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled during a max experiatory effort
55
what is a gentle vs more vigorous approach to get rid of patient mucus
gentle: puffing, PLB vigorous: postural drainage and percussion
56

FF: cardio content (16 decks)

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