Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards
Anticentromere Ab
Scleroderma (CREST)
Anti-desmoglein (anti-desmosome) Ab
Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
Anti-glomerular basement membrane Ab
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
Antihistone Ab
Drug-induced SLE (eg hydra lazing, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
Anti-IgG Ab
Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pan us, boutonniere deformity)
Antimitochondrial Ab (AMAs)
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal HTN)
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic Ab (ANCAs)
Microscopic polyangitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)-MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA
Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegeners)-PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA
Antinuclear Ab (ANAs: anti-smith and anti-dsDNA)
SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
Antiplatelet Ab
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Anti-topoisomerase Ab
Diffuse systemic scleroderma
Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial Ab
Celiac disease (diarrhea, weight loss)
“Apple core” lesion on barium enema X-Ray
Colorectal cancer (usually left sided)
Atypical lymphocytes
EBV
Azurophilic peroxidase positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
Auer rods (AML, esp the promyelocytic [M3] type)
Bacitracin response
Sensitive: S.pyogenes (group A)
Resistant: S.agalactiae (group B)
Bamboo spine on XR
Ankylosis get spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis, HLA-B27)
Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
Howell-Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
Basophils can stippling of RBCs
Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Boot-shaped heart on XR
Tetralogy of Fallot (due to RVH)
Branching gram + rods with sulfur granules
Actinomyces israelii
Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
Pancoast tumor (can compress cervical sympathetic chain and cause Horner syndrome)
“Brown” tumor of the bone
Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis Fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Chagas’ disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)
Cellular crescents in Bowman Capsule
Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
Chocolate cyst of ovary
Endometriosis (frequently) involves both ovaries
Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma)
Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
Cystic fibrosis (AR mutation in CFTR gene –> fat soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)
decrease in AFP in amniotic fluids/maternal serum
Down syndrome and other chromosomal anomalies
Degeneration of dorsal column fibers
Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)
“Delta wave” on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia
Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (bundle of Kent bypasses AV node)
Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
Parkinson disease (basal ganglia disorder; rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
Curschmann spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)
Disarray end granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid
Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)
Dysplasia squamous cervical cells with “raisinoid” nuclei and hyperchromasia
Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)
Electrical alternans (alternating amplitude on EKG)
Pericardial tamponade
Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
“Owl eye” appearance of CMV
Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei with central clearing
“Orphan Annie” eye nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell
Mallory body (alcoholic liver disease)
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in neuron
Lewy body (Parkinson disease and Lewy body dementia)
Eosinophilic globule in liver
Councilman body (viral hepatitis, yellow fever), represents hepatocytes undergoing apoptosis
Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar neurons
Negri bodies of rabies
Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
Senile plaques (ALZ disease)
Giant B cells with beloved nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl’s eyes)
Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin lymphoma)