Classic labs/ findings Flashcards
1
Q
Anticentromere Ab
A
CREST syndrome
2
Q
Antidesmoglein (epithelial) Ab
A
Pemphigus Vulgaris (blistering)
3
Q
Anti-glomerular basement membrane Ab
A
Goodpasture’s syndrome- glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis
4
Q
Antihistone Ab
A
drug induced SLE- HIPP- Hydralazine, INH, Phenytoin, Procainamide
5
Q
Anti IgG Ab
A
RA- systemic inflammation, joint pannus, buotonniere deformity
6
Q
Anti mitochondrial Ab
A
primary biliary cirrhosis- Female, cholestasis, protal HTN
7
Q
cANCA
A
Wegners granulomatosis- granulomatosis with polyangiitis
8
Q
pANCA
A
Churg Strauss syndrome- microscopic polyangiitis
9
Q
ANA- Anti smith and anti dsDNA
A
SLE
10
Q
Antiplatelet Ab
A
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
11
Q
Anti Topoisomerase Ab
A
diffuse systemic scleroderma
12
Q
Anti- transglutamaminase/ anti gliadin/ anti endomysial Ab
A
Celiac disease- diarrhea, distension, weight loss
13
Q
Apple core lesion on abdominal xray
A
colorectal cancer- left sided
14
Q
azurophilic peroxidase positive granular incluions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
A
Auer rods- AML type M3- promyelocytic
15
Q
bacitracin response- sensitive vs immune
A
streptococcus pyogenes group A= sensitive
streptococcus agalactiae group B= resistant
16
Q
Bamboo spine on x ray
A
ankylosing spodylitis- chronic inflammatory arthritis- HLA- B27
17
Q
Basophillic nuclear remnants in RBCs
A
howell Jolly bodies= spenectomy or non functional spleen
18
Q
basophillic stippling of RBCs
A
lead poisonin or sideroblastic anemia
19
Q
bloody tap on LP
A
subarachnoid hemorrhage
20
Q
boot shaped heart on x ray
A
tetralogy of fallot, RVH
21
Q
branching gram positive rods with sulfur granules
A
actinomyces israelii
22
Q
bronchogenic apiacl lung tumor on imaging
A
pancoast tumor- can compress sympathetic ganglia and cause horners
23
Q
brown tumor of bone
A
hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica- hemosiderin deposits from hemorrhage give brown color
24
Q
cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
A
Chagas Disease- T. cruzi
25
cellular cresents in Bowmans capsule
rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
26
chocolate cyst of ovary
endometriosis- frequently involves both ovaries
27
circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrills
homer writght rosettes- neuroblastomma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma
28
colonies of mucoid pseudomonas in lungs
cystic fibrosis- AR mutation in CFTR (pos 508) resulting in fat soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs
29
decreased AFP in amniotic fluid/ maternal serum
Down serum or other chromosomal abnormality
30
degeneration of dorsal column nerves
tabes doesales- tertiary syphilis- subacute combined degeneration of dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts
31
depigmentation of neuromas in sustantia nigra
PD
32
desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
Curshmans spiral- bronchial asthma, can result in whorled mucous plugs
33
disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid
Call- Exner bodies- granulosa- theca cell tumor of the ovary
34
dysplastic squamous cervical ells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia
kolocytes- HPV presidposes to cancer
35
enlarged cells with Intranuclear inclusion bodies
"Owl's Eye" appearance of CMV
36
enlarged thryroud cells with ground glass nuclei
Ophan Annie Eyes nuclei- papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
37
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in hepatocyte
mallory bodies- alcoholic liver disease
38
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cells
lewy bodies- PD
39
eosinophilic globule in liver
councilman body- toxic or viral hepatitis, yellow fever
40
Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells
negri bodies of rabies (Lyssavirus)
41
Extracellular amyloid deposition in grey matter of brain
senile plaques (Alz)
42
Gian B cells with bilobed nuclie with prominent inclusions ("Owls's Eye")
Reed Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
43
Glomerulus like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells
Schiller- Duval bodies- yolk sac tumor
44
Hair on end (crew cut) appearance on x ray
marrow expansion- beta thal, Sickle Cell Anemia
45
Elevated hCG
Choriocarcinoma, hydatiform mole (occurs with and w/o embryo)
46
Heart Nodules (granulomatous)
Aschoff bodies- Rheumatic fever
47
Heterophile Ab
Infectious Mono EBV
48
Hexagonal, double pointed, needle like crystals in bronchial secretions
Bronchial asthma (Charcot- Leyden Crsytals: Eosinophilic granules)
49
High level of d-Dmier
DVT, pulmonary embolism, DIC
50
Hilar LAD, peripheral granulomatous lesions in middle or lower lung lobes that can calcify
Ghon Complex of primary Tb
51
Honeycomb Lung on Xray or CT
intestinal pulmonary fibrosis
52
Hypercoagularibility leading to DVT and vasculitis
Trousseau's syndrome- adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung
53
Hypersegmented Neutrophils
Megaloblastic anemia (B12 deficiency: neurologic symptoms; folate deficiency: no neurologic symptoms)
54
HTN, HypoK, metabolic alkalosis
Conn syndrome
55
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Anemia- Fe deficiency, Pb poisoning, thalassemia
56
Increased AFP in amniotic fluid/ maternal serum
dating error, ancephaly, spina bifida (NTD)
57
Increased uric acid levels
Gout, Lesch- Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics
58
Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet like bodies
Cowdry bodies type A- HSV, CMV
59
Fe containing nodules in alveolar septum
Ferrunginous bodies- asbestosis leading to increased risk of mesothelioma
60
Keratin pearls on skin biopsy
squamous cell carcinoma
61
large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, Immunodeficiency
Chediak Higashi syndrome- failure of formation of phagolysosome
62
Lead pipe appearance of colon on barium enema xray
Ulcerative Colitiis- loss of haustra
63
Linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane
Goodpasture's disease
64
low serum ceruloplasmin
Wilson's disease (hepatocellular degeneration)
65
Lump bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluoresence
post streptococcal glomerulonephritis- Immune complex depot of IgG and C3b
66
Lytic bone lesions- hole punched
Multiple myeloma
67
Mammary gland ('blue domed") cyst
fibcorcytic change of breast
68
monoclonal Ab spike
multiple myeloma- IgG, IgA
monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance- normal with aging
Waldenstrom's M (IgM) macroglobulinemia
primary amyloidosis
69
mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus
signet ring cell- gastric carcinoma
70
narrowing of bowel lumen on barrium xray
Crohn disease- string sign
71
Necrotizing vasculitis of lungs and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Wegners- granulomatous and polyangitis, cANCA
| Goodpasturnes syndrome- anti basement membrane Ab
72
Needle shaped, negatively bifringent crystals
Gout- monosodium urate crystals
73
Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli
diabetic nephropathy- kimmelstiel wilson nodules
74
novobiocin response
Staphylococcus epidermidis- sensitive
| staphylococcus saprophyticus- resistant
75
"nutmeg liver"
chronic passive congestion of liver from RHF
76
"onion skin" periosteal reaction
Ewig Sarcoma- malignant round cell tumor
77
optochin response
Streptococcus penumoniae- sensitive
| Viridans Streptococcus- resistant
78
periosteum raised from bone creating a triangular area
osteosarcoma, Ewig's sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis- codmans triangle on x ray
79
Podocyte fusion or effacement on EM
minimal change disease- child with nephrotic syndrome
80
polished, ivory like appearance of bone at cartallige erosion
Eburnation- OA resulting in bony sclerosis
81
protein aggregates in neurons from hypophosphorylation of taur protein
Alz- neurofibrillary tangles
| Pick's disease- Pick's bodies
82
Psammoma Bodies
meningiomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary
83
pseudopallisaiding tumor cells on brain biopsy
glioblastoma multiforme
84
RBC casts in urine
acute glomerulonephritis
85
rectangular crystal like cytoplasmic inclusions in leydig cells
Rienke crystals- lyedig cell tumor
86
Renal epithelial casts in urine
Acute glomerular nephritis
87
Rhomboid crystals, positively biferingent
pseudogout- Ca pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals
88
Rib notching
coarctation of the aorta
89
ring enhancing brain lesions in AIDS
toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma
90
Sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale tingible- body laden macrophages= starry sky histology
Burkitt's lymphoma= t8;14- c-myc activation, assoc with EBV
91
silver staining spherical aggression of tau proteins in neurons
Pick disease- Pick bodies- progressive dementia with changes in personality
92
"soap bubble" in femur or tibia on x-ray
giant cell tumor of bone- normally benign
93
"spikes on basement membrane", "dome like" subepithelial deposits
membranous glomerulonephritis- may progress to nephritic syndrome
94
stacks of RBCs
rouleaux formation- high EST, multiple myeloma
95
stippled vaginal epithelial cells
Gardinella Vaginalis- "clue cells"
96
Tennis Racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles on EM in langerhan cells
Langerhans cells histiocytosis or histiocytosis x: eosinophillic granuloma- Birbeck granules
97
thrombi made of white/ red layer
Lines of Zahn- arterial thrombus made of layers of platelets/ RBCs
98
Thumb sign on lateral xray
epiglottitis- H. Flu
99
Thyroid like appearance of kidney
Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
100
Tran-trak appearance of capillary loops of glomerular membranes on light microscopy
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
101
triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles
fatty liver disease- alcoholic or metabolic syndrome
102
"waxy casts" with very low urine flow
chronic ESRD
103
WBC casts in urine
acute pyelonephritis
104
Smude cells
CLL- almost always B cell
105
"Wire loop" glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy
lupus nephropathy
106
Yellowish CSF
Xanthochromia- SAH
