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Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticords

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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11
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

α1-antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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13
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans (italicized)

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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17
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis (italicized)

A

Doxycycline (+ cetriazone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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19
Q

Chronic gout

A

Zanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol, febuxostat)

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20
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-α (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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21
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum (italicized)

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

Clostridium difficile (italicized)

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

Clostridium tetani (italicized)

A

Antitoxin

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25
CMV
Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
26
Crohn disease
Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
27
Cryptococcus neoformans (italicized)
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
28
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
29
Depression
SSRI (first-line)
30
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
31
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
32
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
33
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
34
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
35
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
36
ER ⊕ breast cancer
Tamoxifen
37
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alchol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
38
Haemophilus influenzae (B) (italicized)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
39
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)
40
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Cyclophosophamide, corticosteroids
41
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
42
HER2/neu ⊕ breast cancer
Trastuzumab
43
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
44
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first-line)
45
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
46
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
47
Infertility
Leiprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
48
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
49
Kawasaki disease
IVIG, high-dose aspirin
50
Legionella pneumophila (italicized)
Macrolides (e.g., azithromycin)
51
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban
52
Malaria
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
53
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
54
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
55
Migraine
Abortive therapies (e.g., sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g., propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
56
Multiple Sclerosis
Disease-modifying therapies (e.g., β-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids
57
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (italicized)
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
58
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (italicized)
Ceftriazone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis (italicized)
59
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriazone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
60
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
61
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
62
Osteoporosis
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
63
Patent ductus arteriosus
Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs
64
Pheochromocytoma
α-anagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)
65
Pneumocystis jirovecii (italicized)
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
66
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
67
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
68
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
69
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (italicized)
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
70
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
71
Rickettsia rickettsii (italicized)
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
72
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
73
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical and atypical antipsychotics
74
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
75
Sickle cell disease
Hydroxyurea (↑ fetal hemoglobin)
76
Sporothrix schenckii (italicized)
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
77
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
78
Staphylococcus aureus (italicized)
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
79
Streptococcus bovis (italicized)
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
80
Streptococcus pneumoniae (italicized)
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
81
Streptococcus pyogenes (italicized)
Penicillin prophylaxis
82
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
83
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
84
Toxoplasma gondii (italicized)
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
85
Treponema pallidum (italicized)
Penicillin
86
Trichomonas vaginalis (italicized)
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
87
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
88
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (e.g., mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
89
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
90
Warfarin reversal
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

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