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Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, guanfacine, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmics (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

alpha1-antagonists, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (eg, lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis)
Nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal)
Fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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18
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-a (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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22
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, forscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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25
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
26
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
27
Depression
SSRIs (first-line)
28
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central) | Hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
29
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
30
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
31
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
32
Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
33
Enterocci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
34
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
35
ER+ breast cancer
Tamoxifen
36
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
37
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
38
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line) | Buspirone (second line)
39
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
40
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
41
HER2/neu + breast cancer
Trastuzumab
42
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
43
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first-line)
44
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
45
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
46
Infertility
Leuprolide GnRH (pulsatile) Clomiphene
47
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
48
Kawasaki disease
IVIG, high-dose aspirin
49
Legionella pneumophila
Macrolides (eg azithromycin)
50
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin Dabigatran Rivaroxaban Apixaban
51
Malaria
Chloroquine Mefloquine Atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont) Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
52
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
53
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
54
Migraine
``` Abortive therapies (eg sumatriptan, NSAIDs) Prophylaxis (eg propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline) ```
55
Multiple sclerosis
``` Disease-modifying therapies (eg b-interferon, natalizumab) Acute flares (IV steroids) ```
56
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
57
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C trachomatis)
58
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
59
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
60
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
61
Osteoporosis
Calcium/Vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis) | Bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
62
Patent ductus arteriosus
Close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE analogs
63
Pheochromocytoma
a-antagonists (eg phenoxybenzamine)
64
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)
65
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
66
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide | GnRH (continuous)
67
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
68
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoclycosides, carbapenems
69
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil Bosnian Epoprostenol
70
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
71
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
72
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical and atypical antipsychotics
73
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
74
Sickle cell disease
Hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
75
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole | Oral potassium iodide
76
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
77
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins) MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
78
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
79
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia) | Vancomycin (meningitis)
80
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophalyxis
81
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
82
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam Phenytoin Valproate Carbamazepine
83
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
84
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
85
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
86
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
87
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (eg mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
88
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
89
Warfarin reversal
``` Fresh frozen plasma (acute) Vitamin K (non-acute) ```

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