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Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attach

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

α1-antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (ex: lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg, allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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18
Q

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

INF-α, (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simpeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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22
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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24
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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25
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
26
Depression
SSRIs (first-line)
27
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
28
Diabetes mellitus type I
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
29
Diabetes mellitus type II
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
30
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
31
Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
32
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
33
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
34
ER + breast cancer
Tamoxifen
35
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
36
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
37
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)
38
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
39
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
40
HER2/neu + breast cancer
Trastuzumab
41
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
42
Hyperchlolesterolemia
Statin (first-time)
43
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
44
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
45
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene
46
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
47
Kawasaki disease
IVIV, high-dose aspirin
48
Legionella pneumophila
Macrolides (ex. azithromycin)
49
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban
50
Malaria
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
51
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
52
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
53
Migraine
Abortive therapies (ex. sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (ex. propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
54
Multiple sclerosis
Disease-modifying therapies (ex. β-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flare, use IV steroids
55
Mycobacterium tuberulosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
56
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis)
57
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
58
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
59
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
60
Osteoporosis
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SREMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
61
Patent ductus arteriosus
Close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE analogs
62
Pheochromocytoma
α-antagonists (eg. phenoxybenzamine)
63
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)
64
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
65
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
66
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
67
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
68
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idioapthic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
69
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
70
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
71
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical and Atypical antipsychotics
72
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
73
Sickle Cell Disease
Hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
74
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
75
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
76
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins) MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
77
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
78
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
79
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
80
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
81
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
82
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
83
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
84
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
85
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic deouloureux)
Carbamazepine
86
Ulcerative Colitis
5-ASA preparations (ex. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
87
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
88
Warfarin reversal
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

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