classical conditioning Flashcards
where did classical conditioning originate from?
Pavlov’s work
stimulus response learning
a stimulus is something that produces a response. in classical conditioning the response is a reflex.
when does classical conditioning occur?
when we learn that two things happen together - we assosciate them with each other.
explain the UCS?
unconditioned stimulus - the stimulus which automatically triggers a specific reflex
explain the UCR?
unconditional response - the automatic refelex response to the unconditioned stimulus
explain the NS?
neutral stimulus - a stimulus which would not normally trigger a specific reflex response
explain the CS?
conditioned stimulus - the NS now triggers the reflex response
explain the CR?
conditioned response - this is the learned response
explain forward/delayed conditioning?
the NS is presented before the UCS, but is still present when UCS presented
trace conditioning?
the NS is presented before the UCS, but stops before the UCS is presented
simultaneous conditioning?
the NS and UCS are presented simultaneous
backwards conditioning?
the NS comes after the UCS
what is higher order conditioning?
response occurs to a neutral stimulus because it has been associated with a conditioned stimulus rathen than an unconditional stimulus
whats the first step of classical conditioning?
starts with an unconditioned stimulus which automatically provokes an unconditioned response
why unconditioned?
bound to happen
what is the second step in cc?
the UCS is then paired with a netral stimulus, at this stage it does not yet produce the response
what is the third step in cc?
after a few pairings the NS on its own produces the response and at this stage the NS becomes a conditioned stimulus, the response is now a conditioned response
spontaneous recovery?
the association sometimes recurrs for no apparent reason after extinction, after spontaneous recovery the association does diminish quickly.
when does extinction occurs?
occurs when the association between the UCS and the CS no longer occurs
explain stimulus discrimination?
conditioning can be focused in on a specific stimulus, e.g, pavlov conditioned the specific tone of the bell by providing other tones with no food.
explain stimulus generalisation?
the stimulus that evokes the conditioned response is specific. however, it has been found that there can be stimulus generalisation which means that a stimulus similar to the specific one can elicit the conditioned response
