Classical evidance- Myers and Diener Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is Mayer and Dieners study called?
Who is happy
What is the background of the who is happy study?
Surveys began to show that religious people were 2x as likely to say they were very happy
Mayer and Deiner wanted to develop an idea about the theory of happiness
What is happiness?
Is a state of emotional well being that a person experiences either in a narrow sense when hood things happen in specific moment or more broadly
This occurs as a positive evaluation of one life and accomplishment iverall
What is SWB?
Subjective well being
a persons happiness or wellbeing
Aims of Myers and dieners study?
Interested in finding evidence towards what makes people happy
In the methadolgys what does myers and diener have?
Literature review
Interviews and questionaeies
Observations
Correlation
What methodology does the study not have?
No experimental design
Sampling method and sample
Methodology- literature review?
Lit review of reaserch on the topic of happiness from the 1980s and 1990’s
their are 3 main step
1) select a reaserch topic
2) collect and read the relevant article
3) wright up the review of the article
Methodology interview and questionnaires?
Interviews- closed q’s ‘how satisfied are you with your life’ with options of very/not very/ not at all
the i&q were used to assess happiness and will both produce quantitative data
methodology- observations?
Asking people to report what they are doing at certain times
The reasercher will give the pts a beeper and they will have to report what they are doing in the moment creating a sample of people’s behaviour
Methodology- correlations?
Used to consider factors linked to happiness
Correlation however doesn’t equal causation
e.g. people with high SWB will have more positive life events but thsi could be a result of being happy or a cause of being hapy
Procedure of classic evidence?
Thsi can be classified as the lit review as their was no lit review
They collected and reviews this information but they didn’t directly carry those studies out themselves
What is the main methodology?
Lit review
This was a part of content analysis which is what caused happiness, getting an artifact and studying it to find patterns and trends
A part of thematic analysis- a theme that keeps cropping up as a part it the communications being studied and therefore can be sorted into themes
What 5 findings are we prioritising?
Happiness and gender
Happiness and money
Traits
Relationship
Faith
What are the 5 findings were prioritising?
Happiness and generder
Happiness and income
Traits
Relationship
Faith
Findings- happiness and gender?
no real difference
women 2x more likely to depression and anxiety whereas men 5x more vulnerable of drug and alcohol abuse Robins and Reiger
Happiness and equal balance
80% men and women reported fairly satisfied Haring et al
Findings- happiness and income?
correlation modest
75% of americans at beginning of collage say that being well if is a huge goal Astin et al
Adults believe it will make them happy
Theirs a strong correlation between national wealth and well being exept ireland (poor) being a happier country then germany (rich)
Poor countries are satisfied when needs are fulfilled
Findings- Traits of happiness?
Self esteem- high self esteem and believing they are ‘fun to be around’
Control- can controll emotions and tend to vettwr in school so therefore have little burdens
Optimism- look forward to future dont dwell on the past
Extraverted- open to new views
Findings- Relationship with happy people ?
-Holocaust survivors confined in people and therefore where treated quicker
-Married people most likely to put very happy 39% compared to never married and divorced peiple 24% (Lee et al)
-BURT those that can name several close friends are happier and healthier
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Findings- faith and happiness?
People who are religious are more likely to be happy as they don’t engage in dangerous activity’s like drinking and doing drugs
Most likely to have a clean diet
2x more likely to say they are very happy (Gallup)
Is there a correlation between age and happiness?
Ingleheart- survayed 170000 of all ages in 16 countries and found no difference, avarage wa s80% happiness
-Herzog et al, however at different ages different factors contribute to happiness e.g. health important at older age
Is there a correlation between race and happiness?
Ingelheart- Differences between cultures e.g. Portugal 10% vs Netherlands 40%, but this can be a cultural bias, countries that have individualist cultures have higher SWB compared to collectivist culture
Is there a correlation between work/flow and happiness?
yes
people with greater work satisfaction have better life satisfaction
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi- found concept of flow, used beepers through day asking what they were doing and if they were happy, those that were happy were engaged in a mindful challenge
Conclusion 1?
Adaptation-
Happy peiple tend to adapt to life events
Only events within 3 moths will have a significant impact on
Immediate emotional responses will eventually fade, Frijda says people who win the lottery’s novelty will often wear off