Classification and evolution

Question 1

state the name given to the evolution of a new species

Answer 1

speciation

Question 2

define the term classification

Answer 2

placing living organisms into groups based on a similarity/difference

Question 3

Describe the differences between a classification system based on domains and one based on kingdoms

Answer 3

There are 3 domains; bacteria, archae and eukarya. There are 5 kingdoms; proctoctists, fungi, plants, animals and prokaryotes. domain classification is based on ribosomes, protein synethesis and enzymes

Question 4

what is the difference between heterotrophic and autotrophic

Answer 4

heterotrophic= a living organism that eats other organisms as their food source e.g. humans
autotrophic= makes their own food e.g. plants

Question 5

what are the 3 domains?

Answer 5

archae, eukarya, bacteria

Question 6

what kingdom(s) fall under the domain bacteria?

Answer 6

eubacteria

Question 7

what kingdom(s) fall under the domain archae?

Answer 7

archaebacteria

Question 8

what kingdom(s) fall under the domain eukarya?

Answer 8

• animalia
• fungi
• protoctista
• plantae

Question 9

what is comparitive anatomy

Answer 9

involves comparing the body structures of different species

Question 10

what are homolgous structures?

Answer 10

structures that may appear different on the surface but have the same internal structure e.g. divergent evolution

Question 11

what is comparitive biochemistry?

Answer 11

two species with similar sequences will share a recent common ancestor

Question 12

describe archaea

Answer 12

ancient bacteria and often extremophiles

Question 13

describe eubacteria

Answer 13

unicellular organisms (real bacteria)

Question 14

describe eukarya

Answer 14

eukaryotes- more evolved organism

Question 15

what is binomial nomenclature

Answer 15

a way of naming species that is recognized and used worldwide.