Classification (Further)

Question 1

What does classification stem from

Answer 1

In 1859 Darwin published his theories on evolution. ​

In these theories was the ‘tree of life’ with the idea that all organisms have evolved from a common ancestor. ​

Question 2

What is the scientific name for a ‘tree of life’

Answer 2

Phylogenetic tree

Question 3

What are the 3 domains

Answer 3

Bacteria archaea and eukaryota

Question 4

which of the 3 domains are prokaryotes

Answer 4

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 5

which of the 3 domains are eukaryotes

Answer 5

Eukaryota

Question 6

List the taxonomic hierarchy of organisms

Answer 6

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

Question 7

Define phylogenetic classification

Answer 7

Classification based on an organisms evolutionary history and relationships​

Question 8

What is each group in the taxonomic hierarchy called

Answer 8

Taxon (plural = taxa)

Question 9

Is there overlap between groups in classification

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Define the term species

Answer 10

A group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring. ​

Question 11

How many kingdoms are there and what are the kingdoms called

Answer 11

5 - Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protoctista and Prokaryotae​

Question 12

How does the Phylum rank group organisms

Answer 12

According to body plan ( backbone or not etc.)​

Question 13

How does the Class rank group organisms

Answer 13

To do with general traits ( number of legs etc.)​

Question 14

How does the Order rank group organisms

Answer 14

according to organism’s nature. ( carnivore/herbivore)​

Question 15

How does the Family rank group organisms

Answer 15

Groups of similar genera (Genus), based on reproductive characteristics​

Question 16

How does the Genus rank group organisms

Answer 16

Groups similar species e.g. Panthera (big cats like lions and tigers), and Equus (horses, zebras, and donkeys).

Question 17

What kingdom are humans in

Answer 17

Animalia​ (Multicellular organism, cells have nuclei and no cell wall​)

Question 18

What phylum are humans in

Answer 18

Chordata​ (Have backbones​)

Question 19

What class are humans in

Answer 19

Mammalia​ (Have hair and produce milk for young​)

Question 20

What order are humans in

Answer 20

Primates​ (Have flat faces, forward facing eyes, opposable digits​)

Question 21

What family are humans in

Answer 21

Hominidae​ (Human like creatures​)

Question 22

What genus are humans in

Answer 22

Homo​ (Humans are the only living member​)

Question 23

What species are humans in

Answer 23

Sapiens (Modern human​)

Question 24

Explain the binomial system

Answer 24

Organisms are given a 2 word latin name​from their Genus + Species e.g. Homo Sapiens

Universal across countries and languages​

Same organism may have different local names​

Question 25

What is the advantage of the binomial naming system

Answer 25

It provides a universal, unambiguous way to identify and classify living organisms.

Question 26

Who developed the binomial naming system

Answer 26

Linnaeus

Question 27

Why do we put animals and plants into taxa (Groups)

Answer 27

Organisms are grouped to support us with knowing which organisms exist. This helps to study evolution and our impact on the natural world.​

Question 28

Why does the system for naming organisms need to be universal?​

Answer 28

A universal system means that scientist from anywhere, irrespective of their first language, can access the names of organisms and be talking about organisms correctly.​