CLASSIFICATION OF APHASIA SYNDROMES lecture 4 Flashcards
Wernicke’s Aphasia
How’s repetition and naming ?
- Receptive / fluent / jargon
- Impaired auditory language ___comprehension__________
- Fluent meaningless speech
- Poor repetition
- Impaired naming
- Can show poor writing
Wernicke’s Aphasia
* Associated with damage to
What is the deficit that there’s no self awareness ?
- Associated with damage to the temporal lobe
(Wernicke’s area) - Occurs as a result of occlusion of inferior division of left
MCA - The patient is usually unaware of his or her deficit
- ___anosognosia__________: deficit of self-awareness (a condition in
which a person with a disability is unaware of having it)
Anomic Aphasia
What’s the exception on the fluency ?
Lesion site?
least severe form)
* Conversational speech is fluent, relatively comprehensible
* EXCEPTION: when lexical-retrieval impairment is very severe,
it can be hard to understand
* Auditory comprehension preserved
* Repetition preserved
* **Naming impairment is hallmark
* Lesion site varies—common with lesions to perisylvian or
extrasylvian lesions in LH
Conduction Aphasia
Lesion site ?
What can severe anomia cause in conduction aphasia?
- Fluent conversational speech: BUT may be hard to understand
by presence of severe anomia - **POOR __repetition__________ is hallmark
- Auditory comprehension is relatively
spared - Impaired naming
- Lesion site: arcuate fasciculus,
supramarginal gyrus
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
How’s auditory comprehension, repetition and naming ?
Lesion site ?
- Conversational speech is fluent, may be marked by
semantic/verbal paraphasias semantic jargon - Auditory comprehension impaired but not as bad as
with Wernicke’s aphasia - Repetition is spared*
- Impaired naming
- Lesion site varies: extrasylvian areas—posterior/inferior
to Wernicke’s (angular gyrus, posterior middle temporal
gyrus), parieto-occipital cortex
Broca’s Aphasia
How’s auditory comprehension, repetition and naming ?
- Expressive/ non-fluent
- Telegraphic in nature
- Effortful speech (halting,
pausing, groping) - Comprehension relatively
preserved - Poor repetition
- Impaired naming (including verb
naming deficits) - Apraxia of speech commonly co-
occurring condition
Broca’s Aphasia (cntd.)
Blockage in what cerebral artery ?
What other areas may be affected ?
- Characterized by damage to left 3rd frontal
convolution located near inferior frontal gyrus - Blockage of superior division of MCA
- Neighborhood signs include right hemiparesis
- face and arm affected more than legs
- Patients are mostly aware of their deficits
Transcortical Motor Aphasia
Usually what cerebral artery ?
Lesion site?
- Nonfluent conversational speech because impaired
speech initiation - Spared auditory comprehension
- Relatively spared repetition *hallmark
- Impaired naming
- Lesion site:
- Inconsistent site of lesion: extrasylvian frontal lobe
regions (ACA stroke), infarction in watershed area
between ACA/MCA
Mixed Transcortical Aphasia
Lesion site ?
- Nonfluent conversational speech; limited meaningful
verbal expression - Impaired auditory comprehension
- Relatively preserved repetition
- Impaired naming
- Lesions to diffuse extrasylvian areas in frontal and
parietal areas
Global Aphasia
Associated with what ?
Lesion site ?
(most severe form)
* Nonfluent conversational speech
* Minimal meaningful utterances
* Telegraphic
* Yes/no may be inconsistent
* Auditory comprehension impaired
* Repetition impaired
* Naming severely impaired
* Associated with extensive LH damage; diffuse lesions
to perisylvian zone
Discrete Forms of Aphasias
- Pure word deafness (auditory verbal agnosia)
- Patient cannot comprehend spoken language, repeat words,
write from dictation; despite intact verbal output and
reading comprehension - Site of lesion: bilateral superior temporal gyrus
- Pure word blindness
- Unable to read despite intact overall language and writing
ability - Mostly associated with damage in territory of left PCA
- Pure alexia (dyslexia) or pure agraphia (dysgraphia)
- Impaired writing and reading skills
- Stroke in left parietal inferior lobule
Other Noncortical Aphasias
Subcortical aphasia
Subcortical aphasia
* Thalamus stroke
* Aphasic symptoms parallel to cortical strokes
* Right hemiplegia common with left damage
* Basal ganglia stroke
* Range from mild to severe (global aphasia)
* Controversial issue
* motor speech vs. language disorder
