classification of disease Flashcards
what are the six ways diseases can be classified
Infectious, non-infectious, communicable, non-communicable, contagious, non-contagious
what is an infectious disease caused by
pathogenic microbial agents, such as viruses bacteria or other microorganisms
what is a non-infectious disease
not caused by pathogens, but by lifestyle or genetics
what is a communicable disease
spread from organism to organism, for example human to human or animal to human
what are non-communicable disease
not spread between organisms, caused by various genetic, environmental and behavioral factors
what are the four main types of non-communicable disease recognised by the WHO
- cancer
- cardiovascular disease
- chronic respiratory disease
- diabetes
what percentage of deaths per year do the four main non-communicable diseases account for
71%
what is a contagious disease
-an infectious disease that spreads easily through people by close contact
what is a non-contagious disease
not spread easily between people
give five examples of infectious diseases
chickenpox, cholera, coronavirus, HIV, Malaria
give five examples of non-infectious disease
-asthma, cancer, diabetes, cystic fribrosis
what is meant by the term endemic
restricted or native to a particular region or population. for example, malaria is endemic to tropical regions
what is meant by the term epidemic
a disease that is affecting many people at the same time and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent. For example, at the start of the COVID19 pandemic, there was an epidemic of COVID in Wuhan
What does the WHO define a pandemic disease as
‘a worldwide spread of a new disease’
give three examples of endemic disease
- African sleeping sickness (sub-saharan africa)
- Malaria (tropical regions)
- -Chagas (south america)
