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Classification Of Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

🔵 Mendeleeff’s Periodic Law and Periodic Table

🔹 Classification of Elements

  1. Who made the most significant contribution toward the classification of elements in 1869?• A) Lavoisier
    • B) Henry Moseley
    • C) Dmitri Mendeleeff
    • D) John Dalton
  2. How many elements were known when Mendeleeff made his observation?• A) 45
    • B) 55
    • C) 65
    • D) 75
  3. How did Mendeleeff arrange the known elements?• A) Increasing atomic number
    • B) Alphabetically
    • C) Based on density
    • D) Increasing atomic weights
  4. What was repeated at regular intervals in Mendeleeff’s arrangement?• A) Mass number
    • B) Physical states
    • C) Similarities and differences in properties
    • D) Electronegativity values

🔵 Mendeleeff’s Periodic Law

  1. In what form did Mendeleeff express his observation?• A) Atomic Theory
    • B) Molecular Law
    • C) Periodic Law
    • D) Electron Configuration Rule
  2. According to Mendeleeff’s law, the physical and chemical properties of elements are a periodic function of:• A) Atomic number
    • B) Atomic radius
    • C) Atomic mass
    • D) Atomic weight
  3. How are elements arranged in the periodic table according to Mendeleeff?• A) According to chemical reactivity
    • B) Increasing atomic weights
    • C) Grouped by metallic character
    • D) Random order
  4. What is repeated after regular intervals in Mendeleeff’s table?• A) Electron configuration
    • B) Melting points
    • C) Properties of the elements
    • D) Atomic numbers
A
  1. C) Dmitri Mendeleeff
  2. C) 65
  3. D) Increasing atomic weights
  4. C) Similarities and differences in properties
  5. C) Periodic Law
  6. D) Atomic weight
  7. B) Increasing atomic weights
  8. C) Properties of the elements
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2
Q

🔵 Mendeleeff’s Periodic Table

🔹 Mendeleeff’s Periodic Table

  1. Who gave a detailed comparison of the physical and chemical properties of the elements?• A) Henry Moseley
    • B) Lavoisier
    • C) Mendeleeff
    • D) John Dalton
  2. What did Mendeleeff set up based on element properties?• A) Atomic theory
    • B) Periodic system
    • C) Molecular structure
    • D) Energy levels
  3. How were the elements arranged in Mendeleeff’s system?• A) Random order
    • B) Increasing atomic numbers
    • C) Alphabetical order
    • D) Increasing atomic weights
  4. What are the horizontal rows called in Mendeleeff’s table?• A) Groups
    • B) Series
    • C) Periods
    • D) Columns
  5. What are the vertical columns called in Mendeleeff’s table?• A) Periods
    • B) Series
    • C) Blocks
    • D) Groups
  6. According to what were elements arranged in Mendeleeff’s periodic system?• A) Atomic number
    • B) Melting point
    • C) Atomic weights
    • D) Mass number
  7. What is the name of the table arranged by Mendeleeff?• A) Modern Periodic Table
    • B) Periodic Grid
    • C) Mendeleeff’s Periodic Table
    • D) Electronic Table
A
  1. C) Mendeleeff
  2. B) Periodic system
  3. D) Increasing atomic weights
  4. C) Periods
  5. D) Groups
  6. C) Atomic weights
  7. C) Mendeleeff’s Periodic Table
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3
Q

🔵 Mosley’s Modern Periodic Law

🔹 Mosley’s Modern Periodic Law

  1. Who predicted that most defects of Mendeleeff’s periodic table would disappear by using atomic number instead of atomic weight?• A) Lavoisier
    • B) Mendeleeff
    • C) Dalton
    • D) Mosley
  2. In which year did Mosley make his prediction about periodic classification?• A) 1869
    • B) 1905
    • C) 1913
    • D) 1920
  3. What should be the basis of classification according to Mosley?• A) Atomic mass
    • B) Atomic number
    • C) Molecular weight
    • D) Electron number
  4. The physical and chemical properties of elements are a periodic function of —• A) Atomic weight
    • B) Atomic mass
    • C) Atomic number
    • D) Molar mass
  5. How are the properties of elements repeated in Mosley’s periodic law?• A) Randomly
    • B) Every 10 elements
    • C) With increasing density
    • D) After regular intervals

🔵 Characteristics of Modern Periodic Table

🔹 Characteristics of Modern Periodic Table

  1. How many elements are arranged in the modern periodic table?• A) 90
    • B) 100
    • C) 110
    • D) 120
  2. What are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?• A) Periods
    • B) Rows
    • C) Groups or families
    • D) Blocks
  3. How many groups are there in the modern periodic table?• A) 7
    • B) 9
    • C) 10
    • D) 18
  4. Which group contains the triads Fe-Co-Ni, Ru-Rh-Pd, Os-Ir-Pt?• A) Group V
    • B) Group VII
    • C) Group VIII
    • D) Group IX
  5. What is the name of the group containing inert gases?

• A) Group 8
• B) Noble group
• C) Last group
• D) Zero group

A
  1. D) Mosley
  2. C) 1913
  3. B) Atomic number
  4. C) Atomic number
  5. D) After regular intervals
  6. C) 110
  7. C) Groups or families
  8. B) 9
  9. B) Group VII
  10. D) Zero group
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4
Q

🔵 Sub-division of Groups and Classification of Elements

🔹 Sub-division of Groups

  1. How many vertical columns are there in the periodic table?• A) 7
    • B) 10
    • C) 18
    • D) 8
  2. Into how many sub-groups are Groups I to VII divided?• A) 1
    • B) 2
    • C) 3
    • D) 4
  3. Which of the following is NOT part of the sub-groups mentioned?• A) IIIB
    • B) IXA
    • C) Zero
    • D) VIIB

🔹 Classification of Elements

  1. Which groups have incomplete outermost shells but complete inner shells?• A) IB to VIIB
    • B) IA to VIIA
    • C) VIII only
    • D) Zero group
  2. What are IA to VIIA groups collectively called?• A) Transition elements
    • B) Noble gases
    • C) Representative elements
    • D) Lanthanides
  3. Which types of elements are found among the representative elements?• A) Only metals
    • B) Only non-metals
    • C) Metals, non-metals, and metalloids
    • D) Only metalloids
  4. How many outermost shells are incomplete in transition elements?• A) One
    • B) Two
    • C) Three
    • D) None
  5. Which group includes Sc, Y, La, and Ac?• A) IIIB
    • B) VIA
    • C) VIIA
    • D) Zero
  6. What are the elements of groups IB to VIII called?• A) Inner transition elements
    • B) d-block elements
    • C) Noble gases
    • D) Alkali metals
  7. Where are transition elements placed in the periodic table?• A) Far right
    • B) Top
    • C) Middle
    • D) Bottom
  8. What type of elements are all transition elements?• A) Non-metals
    • B) Metalloids
    • C) Metals
    • D) Gases
  9. Which group contains elements with all shells completely filled?• A) Group IA
    • B) Group IVB
    • C) Group Zero
    • D) Group VIIA
  10. What are the elements of Group Zero called?• A) Noble gases
    • B) Lanthanides
    • C) Transition elements
    • D) Rare earths
  11. Where are noble gases placed in the periodic table?• A) Extreme left
    • B) Middle
    • C) Bottom row
    • D) Extreme right
A
  1. C) 18
  2. B) 2
  3. B) IXA
  4. B) IA to VIIA
  5. C) Representative elements
  6. C) Metals, non-metals, and metalloids
  7. B) Two
  8. A) IIIB
  9. B) d-block elements
  10. C) Middle
  11. C) Metals
  12. C) Group Zero
  13. A) Noble gases
  14. D) Extreme right
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5
Q

🔵 Two groups of 14 elements lying in group IIIB

🔹 Periodic Table

  1. Which group in the periodic table contains two groups of 14 elements?• A) Group I
    • B) Group VIII
    • C) Group IIIB
    • D) Group Zero
  2. What are the names of the two groups of 14 elements in group IIIB?• A) Alkali and alkaline earth metals
    • B) Noble gases and metalloids
    • C) Transition and inner transition elements
    • D) Lanthanides and actinides
  3. Which of the following elements belongs to the lanthanide or actinide series?• A) Ca
    • B) Ce
    • C) Fe
    • D) Na
  4. Where have the lanthanides and actinides been placed in the periodic table?• A) At the top of the table
    • B) In Group VIII
    • C) At the bottom of the table
    • D) Beside the noble gases
  5. What are the lanthanides and actinides collectively called?• A) Outer transition elements
    • B) Representative elements
    • C) Inner transition elements
    • D) Noble gases
  6. What is the block designation for the lanthanide and actinide series?• A) s block
    • B) d block
    • C) p block
    • D) f block
A
  1. C) Group IIIB
  2. D) Lanthanides and actinides
  3. B) Ce
  4. C) At the bottom of the table
  5. C) Inner transition elements
  6. D) f block
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6
Q

🔵 General Characteristics of Groups

🔹 Group VA Elements

  1. Which elements in group VA are non-metals?• A) As and Sb
    • B) Bi and Sb
    • C) N and P
    • D) N and Bi
  2. Which elements in group VA are metalloids?• A) N and P
    • B) As and Sb
    • C) Bi and Sb
    • D) N and As
  3. Which element in group VA is a typical metal?• A) Sb
    • B) Bi
    • C) As
    • D) P
  4. How does the metallic character of group VA elements change from N to Bi?• A) Decreases
    • B) Becomes constant
    • C) Increases
    • D) First increases then decreases
  5. What is the trend in the nature of oxides in group VA from top to bottom?• A) Oxides become more acidic
    • B) Oxides remain neutral
    • C) Oxides become more basic
    • D) Oxides become amphoteric
  6. Which of the following are acidic oxides of group VA?• A) As₂O₃, Sb₂O₃
    • B) NO₃, PO₅
    • C) Bi₂O₃, Sb₂O₃
    • D) NO₂, N₂O₃
  7. Which of the following are amphoteric oxides of group VA?• A) Bi₂O₃, PO₅
    • B) NO₃, NO₂
    • C) As₂O₃, Sb₂O₃
    • D) N₂O₅, Bi₂O₃
  8. Which of the following are basic oxides of group VA?• A) As₂O₃
    • B) PO₅
    • C) NO₂
    • D) Bi₂O₃
A
  1. C) N and P
  2. B) As and Sb
  3. B) Bi
  4. C) Increases
  5. C) Oxides become more basic
  6. B) NO₃, PO₅
  7. C) As₂O₃, Sb₂O₃
  8. D) Bi₂O₃
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7
Q

🔵 Properties of elements

🔹 Classification by Periods

  1. Which elements show similarity with Na?

• A) K
• B) Li
• C) Rb
• D) Cs

  1. Which element resembles Mg?

• A) Ba
• B) Ca
• C) Be
• D) Sr

  1. Which element is similar to Al?

• A) Ga
• B) B
• C) Tl
• D) In

  1. Which element resembles Si?

• A) N
• B) O
• C) C
• D) F

  1. Which element shows similarity with P?

• A) N
• B) O
• C) F
• D) B

  1. Which element resembles S?

• A) F
• B) O
• C) Ne
• D) B

  1. Which element is similar to Cl?

• A) Ne
• B) F
• C) O
• D) B

  1. Which element shows similarity with Ar?

• A) Ne
• B) O
• C) F
• D) B

🔵 General characteristics of periods

🔹 Metallic character

  1. How does the metallic character change from left to right in a period?

• A) Increases
• B) Decreases
• C) Remains constant
• D) First increases then decreases

  1. Which of the following are metals in the 3rd period?

• A) Si, P, S
• B) Na, Mg, Al
• C) Cl, S, P
• D) Si, Cl, Ar

  1. Which of the following are non-metals in the 3rd period?

• A) Na, Mg, Al
• B) Na, Al, Cl
• C) Si, P, S, Cl
• D) Si, Mg, S

  1. Why do oxides become more acidic from left to right in a period?

• A) Because atomic number decreases
• B) Because metallic character increases
• C) Because metallic character decreases
• D) Because non-metallic character decreases

  1. Which oxide is strongly basic among the 3rd period elements?

• A) MgO
• B) Na₂O
• C) Al₂O₃
• D) SiO₂

  1. Which oxide is amphoteric among 3rd period elements?

• A) Al₂O₃
• B) Na₂O
• C) SiO₂
• D) P₂O₅

  1. Which oxide is freely acidic?

• A) SO₃
• B) P₂O₅
• C) SiO₂
• D) Cl₂O₇

  1. Which is the most acidic oxide in the 3rd period?

• A) SO₃
• B) P₂O₅
• C) Cl₂O₇
• D) SiO₂

A
  1. B) Li
  2. C) Be
  3. B) B
  4. C) C
  5. A) N
  6. B) O
  7. B) F
  8. A) Ne
  9. B) Decreases
  10. B) Na, Mg, Al
  11. C) Si, P, S, Cl
  12. C) Because metallic character decreases
  13. B) Na₂O
  14. A) Al₂O₃
  15. C) SiO₂
  16. C) Cl₂O₇
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8
Q

🔵 General characteristics of periods

🔹 7. Diagonal relationship

  1. What is a diagonal relationship in the periodic table?

• A) Resemblance of elements across the same group
• B) Similarities between elements from opposite ends of a period
• C) Similarity in properties between elements of the next group and next period
• D) Similarities among noble gases

  1. Which element shows a diagonal relationship with Li?

• A) Na
• B) Be
• C) Mg
• D) Ca

  1. Which element shows a diagonal relationship with Be?

• A) B
• B) Mg
• C) Al
• D) Si

  1. Which element shows a diagonal relationship with B?

• A) Al
• B) Si
• C) P
• D) N

  1. What is the resemblance of the properties of the elements of the 2nd period with their diagonally opposite members lying in the 3rd period called?

• A) Periodic variation
• B) Diagonal similarity
• C) Diagonal resemblance
• D) Diagonal relationship

🔵 Classification of elements on the Periodic Table

  1. How are metalloids classified on the periodic table?

• A) Non-metals
• B) Alkali metals
• C) Metalloids
• D) Transition metals

  1. How are alkali metals classified on the periodic table?

• A) Transition metals
• B) Representative elements
• C) Alkali metals
• D) Noble gases

  1. How are alkaline earth metals classified on the periodic table?

• A) Non-metals
• B) Alkaline earth metals
• C) Metalloids
• D) Halogens

  1. How are transition metals classified on the periodic table?

• A) s-block elements
• B) f-block elements
• C) Metalloids
• D) Transition metals

  1. How are other metals classified on the periodic table?

• A) Other metals
• B) Noble gases
• C) Non-metals
• D) Halogens

  1. How are non-metals classified on the periodic table?

• A) s-block
• B) Non-metals
• C) Transition metals
• D) Metalloids

  1. How are halogens classified on the periodic table?

• A) Noble gases
• B) Metalloids
• C) Halogens (non-metals)
• D) Rare earths

  1. How are noble gases classified on the periodic table?

• A) Halogens
• B) Noble gases (non-metals)
• C) Transition elements
• D) Metalloids

  1. How are rare earth elements classified on the periodic table?

• A) Noble gases
• B) Rare earths (inner transition metals)
• C) Alkaline earth metals
• D) Halogens

A
  1. C) Similarity in properties between elements of the next group and next period
  2. C) Mg
  3. C) Al
  4. B) Si
  5. D) Diagonal relationship
  6. C) Metalloids
  7. C) Alkali metals
  8. B) Alkaline earth metals
  9. D) Transition metals
  10. A) Other metals
  11. B) Non-metals
  12. C) Halogens (non-metals)
  13. B) Noble gases (non-metals)
  14. B) Rare earths (inner transition metals)
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9
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Metalloids

  1. Which groups in the periodic table contain elements classified as metalloids?

• A) IA, IIA, VIIA, VIII
• B) IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA
• C) IB, IIB, IIIB, VIB
• D) IVA, VA, VIIA, VIII

  1. What type of properties do metalloids possess?

• A) Only metallic properties
• B) Only non-metallic properties
• C) Both metallic and non-metallic properties
• D) Neither metallic nor non-metallic

  1. Why are metalloids useful in calculators and computers?

• A) They are magnetic materials
• B) They are semiconductors
• C) They have high melting points
• D) They are corrosion-resistant

  1. Which metalloid belongs to Group IIIA?

• A) Silicon (Si)
• B) Boron (B)
• C) Arsenic (As)
• D) Tellurium (Te)

  1. Which metalloid belongs to Group IVA?

• A) Boron (B)
• B) Arsenic (As)
• C) Silicon (Si)
• D) Selenium (Se)

  1. Which metalloid belongs to Group VA?

• A) Selenium (Se)
• B) Tellurium (Te)
• C) Arsenic (As)
• D) Boron (B)

  1. Which metalloids belong to Group VIA?

• A) Boron and Silicon
• B) Arsenic and Tellurium
• C) Selenium and Tellurium
• D) Bismuth and Polonium

🔹 Alkali metals

  1. Which group of the periodic table includes alkali metals?

• A) Group IB
• B) Group IIA
• C) Group IA
• D) Group IIIA

  1. How many electrons are there in the outermost orbital of alkali metals?

• A) 2
• B) 1
• C) 3
• D) 0

  1. Why are alkali metals called “alkali” metals?

• A) They produce acidic oxides
• B) They are dense and brittle
• C) They form alkaline oxides and hydroxides
• D) They are inert and stable

  1. How do alkali metals occur in nature?

• A) Freely as pure elements
• B) In compounds due to high reactivity
• C) In gaseous state
• D) Mixed with non-metals

  1. Which of the following is not a physical property of alkali metals?

• A) Hard and brittle
• B) Soft
• C) Shiny
• D) Malleable and ductile

  1. What kind of electrical behavior do alkali metals show?

• A) Poor conductivity
• B) No conductivity
• C) Good conductors of heat and electricity
• D) Only conduct heat

  1. Which alkali metal is radioactive?

• A) Sodium
• B) Potassium
• C) Lithium
• D) Francium

A
  1. B) IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA
  2. C) Both metallic and non-metallic properties
  3. B) They are semiconductors
  4. B) Boron (B)
  5. C) Silicon (Si)
  6. C) Arsenic (As)
  7. C) Selenium and Tellurium
  8. C) Group IA
  9. B) 1
  10. C) They form alkaline oxides and hydroxides
  11. B) In compounds due to high reactivity
  12. A) Hard and brittle
  13. C) Good conductors of heat and electricity
  14. D) Francium
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10
Q

🔵 Alkaline earth metals

🔹 Alkaline earth metals

  1. How many elements are classified as alkaline earth metals?

• A) Four
• B) Six
• C) Eight
• D) Ten

  1. Where are alkaline earth metals located in the Periodic Table?

• A) Group IA
• B) Group IIB
• C) Group IIA
• D) Group IIIA

  1. How many electrons do alkaline earth metals contain in their outermost orbital?

• A) One
• B) Two
• C) Three
• D) Four

  1. Which three metals’ oxides were known earlier than their metals?

• A) Be, Mg, Ca
• B) Ca, Sr, Ba
• C) Mg, Ca, Sr
• D) Sr, Ba, Ra

  1. What were the oxides of Ca, Sr, and Ba called due to their alkaline character?

• A) Alkaline oxides
• B) Oxide bases
• C) Alkaline earths
• D) Basic salts

  1. What are the chemical formulas for lime, strontia, and baryta?

• A) CaO, SrO, BaO
• B) MgO, BaO, CaO
• C) SrO, BaO, MgO
• D) BeO, MgO, CaO

  1. What were Ca, Sr, and Ba named after their discovery?

• A) Noble metals
• B) Inner transition metals
• C) Alkaline elements
• D) Alkaline earth metals

  1. What collective term includes all elements of Group IIA?

• A) s-block metals
• B) Transition metals
• C) Alkaline earth metals
• D) Rare earth metals

🔹 Alkaline earth metals

  1. Where are alkaline earth metals found in nature?

• A) Air
• B) Ocean water
• C) Earth’s crust
• D) Volcanoes

  1. Why are alkaline earth metals not found in elemental form?

• A) They are too heavy
• B) They are expensive
• C) They are very reactive
• D) They are gases

  1. Where are alkaline earth metals widely distributed?

• A) Living organisms
• B) Rock structures
• C) Atmosphere
• D) Fossil fuels

  1. How does the reactivity of alkaline earth metals compare to alkali metals?

• A) More reactive
• B) Less reactive
• C) Equally reactive
• D) Not reactive

  1. Which element has similar properties to alkaline earth metals but is radioactive?

• A) Calcium
• B) Barium
• C) Magnesium
• D) Radium

A

✅ Answers

  1. B) Six
  2. C) Group IIA
  3. B) Two
  4. B) Ca, Sr, Ba
  5. C) Alkaline earths
  6. A) CaO, SrO, BaO
  7. D) Alkaline earth metals
  8. C) Alkaline earth metals
  9. C) Earth’s crust
  10. C) They are very reactive
  11. B) Rock structures
  12. B) Less reactive
  13. D) Radium
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11
Q

🔹 Transition metals

  1. Which groups are transition metals found in the periodic table?

• A) IA to IVA
• B) IB to VIIB
• C) IIB to VIIA
• D) IIB to VII B and VIII

  1. Why are d-block elements called transition elements?

• A) They act as catalysts
• B) They exhibit variable oxidation states
• C) They show transitional behavior between s- and p-block elements
• D) They form colorful compounds

  1. What type of behavior is shown by transition elements?

• A) Constant chemical behavior
• B) Transitional chemical behavior
• C) Magnetic behavior
• D) Covalent bonding only

  1. What kind of compounds are formed between transition metals and s-block elements?

• A) Covalent compounds
• B) Gaseous compounds
• C) Highly reactive ionic compounds
• D) Weak polar compounds

  1. What kind of compounds are formed between transition metals and p-block elements?

• A) Ionic compounds
• B) Mainly covalent compounds
• C) Basic compounds
• D) Oxides only

  1. Which of the following describes physical properties of transition metals?

• A) Brittle, non-conductive
• B) Gaseous, poor conductors
• C) Ductile, malleable, conductive
• D) Transparent and soft

A

✅ Answers

  1. D) IIB to VII B and VIII
  2. C) They show transitional behavior between s- and p-block elements
  3. B) Transitional chemical behavior
  4. C) Highly reactive ionic compounds
  5. B) Mainly covalent compounds
  6. C) Ductile, malleable, conductive
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12
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Other metals

  1. How many elements are classified as “other metals”?

• A) 6
• B) 8
• C) 10
• D) 12

  1. In which groups are the “other metals” found?

• A) IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA
• B) IA, IIA, IIIA, VA
• C) IIB, IVB, VB, VIB
• D) IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB

  1. What are common physical properties of “other metals”?

• A) Transparent, brittle, low density
• B) Shiny, very soft, reactive
• C) Solid, relatively high density, opaque
• D) Conductive, liquid, non-reactive

  1. Which of the following elements is classified as “other metal” from group IIIA?

• A) Aluminum
• B) Carbon
• C) Hydrogen
• D) Nitrogen

  1. Which of the following elements belongs to group IVA as “other metal”?

• A) Bismuth
• B) Germanium
• C) Tin
• D) Silicon

  1. Which elements are “other metals” from group VA?

• A) Antimony and Lead
• B) Arsenic and Bismuth
• C) Antimony and Bismuth
• D) Gallium and Tin

  1. Which element in group VIA is classified as “other metal”?

• A) Selenium
• B) Tellurium
• C) Polonium
• D) Oxygen

🔹 Non-metals

  1. How many elements are classified as “non-metals”?

• A) 4
• B) 6
• C) 8
• D) 10

  1. In which groups are “non-metals” located?

• A) IA, IVA, VA, VIA
• B) IIA, IIIA, VIA, VIIA
• C) IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB
• D) IA, IIA, IIIA, VA

  1. Which is a general property of “non-metals”?

• A) High conductivity, shiny surface
• B) Malleable, dense, heat-resistant
• C) Brittle, poor conductors, non-reflective
• D) Flexible, metallic luster, ductile

  1. Which element is the only non-metal from Group IA?

• A) Oxygen
• B) Nitrogen
• C) Hydrogen
• D) Carbon

  1. Which element from Group IVA is a non-metal?

• A) Lead
• B) Carbon
• C) Tin
• D) Silicon

  1. Which group VA elements are non-metals?

• A) Nitrogen and Phosphorus
• B) Arsenic and Antimony
• C) Phosphorus and Bismuth
• D) Nitrogen and Bismuth

  1. Which elements from Group VIA are non-metals?

• A) Oxygen and Polonium
• B) Sulfur and Selenium
• C) Oxygen and Sulfur
• D) Tellurium and Sulfur

A

✅ Answers

  1. C) 10
  2. A) IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA
  3. C) Solid, relatively high density, opaque
  4. A) Aluminum
  5. C) Tin
  6. C) Antimony and Bismuth
  7. C) Polonium
  8. B) 6
  9. A) IA, IVA, VA, VIA
  10. C) Brittle, poor conductors, non-reflective
  11. C) Hydrogen
  12. B) Carbon
  13. A) Nitrogen and Phosphorus
  14. C) Oxygen and Sulfur
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13
Q

🔵 Halogens

🔹 Halogens

  1. In which group of the Periodic Table are the five halogen elements located?

• A) Group VIA
• B) Group VIIA
• C) Group VIII
• D) Group IIA

  1. How many electrons do halogens have in their outermost orbital?

• A) 8
• B) 1
• C) 5
• D) 7

  1. How do halogens behave in terms of reactivity and conductivity?

• A) Low reactivity and good conductors
• B) Highly reactive and poor conductors
• C) Non-reactive and insulating
• D) Reactive and excellent conductors

🔹 Halogens

  1. What does the term “halogen” mean?

• A) Flame maker
• B) Acid donor
• C) Salt-former
• D) Metal binder

  1. What are compounds containing halogens called?

• A) Acids
• B) Bases
• C) Alloys
• D) Salts

  1. In how many states of matter do halogens exist at room temperature?

• A) Two
• B) Four
• C) One
• D) Three

  1. Which halogens exist as gases at room temperature?

• A) Bromine and iodine
• B) Fluorine and chlorine
• C) Astatine and iodine
• D) Chlorine and bromine

  1. Which halogens exist as solids at room temperature?

• A) Bromine and fluorine
• B) Fluorine and chlorine
• C) Iodine and astatine
• D) Chlorine and iodine

  1. Which halogen exists as a liquid at room temperature?

• A) Iodine
• B) Chlorine
• C) Bromine
• D) Astatine

  1. What is the origin of astatine?

• A) It’s a synthetic stable metal
• B) It’s a radioactive unstable element
• C) It’s a gaseous inert element
• D) It’s a common salt-forming non-metal

A

✅ Answers

  1. B) Group VIIA
  2. D) 7
  3. B) Highly reactive and poor conductors
  4. C) Salt-former
  5. D) Salts
  6. D) Three
  7. B) Fluorine and chlorine
  8. C) Iodine and astatine
  9. C) Bromine
  10. B) It’s a radioactive unstable element
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14
Q

🔵 Noble gases or Inert gases

🔹 Noble gases or Inert gases

  1. How many elements are classified as noble gases?

• A) Five
• B) Six
• C) Seven
• D) Eight

  1. In which group of the Periodic Table are noble gases located?

• A) Group VIIA
• B) Group VIII
• C) Group Zero
• D) Group IA

  1. What is the state of the outermost orbital in noble gases?

• A) Partially filled
• B) Empty
• C) Half-filled
• D) Completely filled

  1. Why are noble gases chemically inert?

• A) Because they are radioactive
• B) Because they form salts
• C) Because their outermost orbital is completely filled
• D) Because they exist as solids

  1. Which of the following is NOT a noble gas?

• A) Helium
• B) Argon
• C) Neon
• D) Oxygen

  1. Which noble gas has the atomic symbol Xe?

• A) Xenon
• B) Radon
• C) Krypton
• D) Argon

🔵 Rare Earth Elements

🔹 Rare Earth Elements

  1. In which group are rare earth elements located?

• A) Group IIA
• B) Group IIIA
• C) Group IIIB
• D) Group VA

  1. In which periods of the Periodic Table are rare earth elements found?

• A) 2nd and 3rd
• B) 4th and 5th
• C) 6th and 7th
• D) 1st and 2nd

  1. What are f-block elements also called?

• A) Representative elements
• B) Transition metals
• C) Lanthanides and actinides
• D) Rare earth elements or inner transition elements

  1. Rare earth elements belong to which series?

• A) Halogen and Noble series
• B) Lanthanide and Actinide series
• C) Alkali and Alkaline series
• D) s-block and p-block series

  1. How frequently are rare earth elements found in the earth?

• A) Commonly
• B) Occasionally
• C) Rarely
• D) Always

  1. What is the nature of most elements in the Actinide series?

• A) Naturally occurring
• B) Synthetic or man-made
• C) Gaseous
• D) Metallic

A

✅ Answers

  1. B) Six
  2. C) Group Zero
  3. D) Completely filled
  4. C) Because their outermost orbital is completely filled
  5. D) Oxygen
  6. A) Xenon
  7. C) Group IIIB
  8. C) 6th and 7th
  9. D) Rare earth elements or inner transition elements
  10. B) Lanthanide and Actinide series
  11. C) Rarely
  12. B) Synthetic or man-made
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15
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

  1. According to electronic configurations, how many types can elements be divided into?

• A) Two
• B) Three
• C) Four
• D) Five

  1. Which group do inert gases belong to?

• A) Group 1
• B) Group 2
• C) Group 0
• D) Group 3

  1. Representative elements are found in which blocks?

• A) s and d
• B) s and p
• C) p and d
• D) d and f

  1. Transition elements belong to which block?

• A) s block
• B) p block
• C) d block
• D) f block

  1. Inner transition elements belong to which block?

• A) s block
• B) p block
• C) d block
• D) f block

  1. Where are inert/noble gases placed in the Periodic Table?

• A) Beginning of each period
• B) End of each period
• C) Middle of each period
• D) Random positions

  1. What condition is fulfilled in the outermost orbitals of inert gases?

• A) Duplet
• B) Octet
• C) Duplet/octet
• D) None

  1. What is the stable configuration of helium?

• A) 1s²
• B) 2s²
• C) 2p⁶
• D) 3s²

  1. What is the outer electronic configuration of other inert gases?

• A) s²p⁶
• B) s²d⁶
• C) s²f⁶
• D) s²g⁶

  1. What is the electronic configuration of Neon (10)?

• A) 1s²
• B) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
• C) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
• D) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

  1. What is the electronic configuration of Argon (18)?

• A) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
• B) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
• C) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
• D) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

A
  1. C) Four
  2. C) Group 0
  3. B) s and p
  4. C) d block
  5. D) f block
  6. B) End of each period
  7. C) Duplet/octet
  8. A) 1s²
  9. A) s²p⁶
  10. B) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
  11. C) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
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16
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

  1. Which configuration is shown in the outermost energy levels of noble gases?

• A) Empty orbitals
• B) Half-filled p-orbitals
• C) Duplet and octet
• D) Unstable orbitals

  1. What is the chemical nature of elements with duplet and octet configuration in their outermost energy levels?

• A) Highly reactive
• B) Chemically inert
• C) Reactive metals
• D) Weak conductors

  1. What is the valency of elements with duplet and octet configuration?

• A) One
• B) Two
• C) Zero
• D) Eight

  1. In which group should noble gases be placed based on configuration?

• A) Group I
• B) Group VII
• C) Group VIII
• D) Group Zero

  1. Which atoms have fully complete energy levels?

• A) Oxygen and Neon
• B) Helium and Neon
• C) Nitrogen and Argon
• D) Hydrogen and Krypton

  1. What is the color of noble gases?

• A) Yellow
• B) Colorless gases
• C) Blue
• D) Reddish

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration (s and p block elements)

  1. Representative elements generally belong to which sub-group?

• A) A sub-group
• B) B sub-group
• C) Transition metals
• D) Zero group

  1. What are s-block elements?

• A) Elements with p-electrons in outermost shell
• B) Elements that gain electrons
• C) Elements with outermost electron(s) entering s-orbital
• D) Elements that form oxides

  1. Which groups are considered s block elements?

• A) IA and IIA
• B) IIIA and IVA
• C) VIA and VIIA
• D) IB and IIB

  1. What is an example of an s-block element with electronic configuration?

• A) Mg – 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
• B) K – 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
• C) Na – 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
• D) Ca – 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

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A

✅ Answers

  1. C) Duplet and octet
  2. B) Chemically inert
  3. C) Zero
  4. D) Group Zero
  5. B) Helium and Neon
  6. B) Colorless gases
  7. A) A sub-group
  8. C) Elements with outermost electron(s) entering s-orbital
  9. A) IA and IIA
  10. C) Na – 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
17
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

p-block elements

  1. The elements in which the last electron(s) enters the p-orbital of their outermost energy layer are called:

• a) s-block elements
• b) p-block elements
• c) d-block elements
• d) f-block elements

  1. The valence electrons of all the elements from boron to halogens (groups IIIA to VIIA vertically) occupy:

• a) s orbitals
• b) p orbitals
• c) d orbitals
• d) f orbitals

  1. Which of the following elements is an example of a p-block element?

• a) Sc (21)
• b) Fe (26)
• c) Al (13)
• d) None of the above

  1. The electronic configuration of Al (13) is:

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3d¹
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3d²

  1. The electronic configuration of Cl (17) is:

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3d⁵
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3d⁶

The transition elements (d block elements)

  1. The elements in which the last electron(s) enters the d-orbital, which is inner to the outermost shell, are called:

• a) s-block elements
• b) p-block elements
• c) d-block elements
• d) f-block elements

  1. The elements of sub-group B and group VIII are generally the:

• a) s-block elements
• b) p-block elements
• c) d-block elements
• d) f-block elements

  1. These elements contain two incomplete energy levels because of the building up of the inner:

• a) s electrons
• b) p electrons
• c) d electrons
• d) f electrons

  1. Which of the following elements is an example of a d-block element?

• a) Sc (21)
• b) Fe (26)
• c) Al (13)
• d) Both a and b

  1. The electronic configuration of Sc (21) is:

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d² 4s²
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d³ 4s²
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁴ 4s²

  1. The electronic configuration of Fe (26) is:

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s²
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁷ 4s²
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁸ 4s²
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁹ 4s²

Study These Flashcards
A

✅ Answers

  1. b) p-block elements
  2. b) p orbitals
  3. c) Al (13)
  4. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
  5. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
  6. c) d-block elements
  7. c) d-block elements
  8. c) d electrons
  9. d) Both a and b
  10. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²
  11. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s²
18
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

Transition Elements

  1. Which elements generally have the same number of electrons in the outermost level but a progressively greater number of electrons in an inner level (such as the d level)?

• a) Representative elements
• b) Noble gases
• c) Transition elements
• d) s-block elements

  1. What are elements called that have a progressive increase in the number of electrons in the inner d orbital?

• a) Representative elements
• b) Transition elements
• c) Alkali metals
• d) Noble gases

  1. How many transition series are found in the periodic table?

• a) Two
• b) Three
• c) Four
• d) Five

  1. Which orbitals do the additional electrons enter in the transition series?

• a) 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d
• b) 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d
• c) 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s
• d) 3p, 4p, 5p, 6p

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. c) Transition elements
  2. b) Transition elements
  3. c) Four
  4. b) 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d
19
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

Transition Series

  1. Which elements are involved in the first transition series?

• a) Sc (21) to Zn (30)
• b) Y (39) to Cd (48)
• c) La (57) to Hg (80)
• d) Ce (58) to Lu (71)

  1. What energy level is completed in the second transition series?

• a) 3d
• b) 4p
• c) 4d
• d) 5s

  1. Which series starts from La (57) but breaks from Ce (58) to Lu (71)?

• a) First transition series
• b) Second transition series
• c) Third transition series
• d) Inner transition series

  1. What is the final element of the third transition group (excluding inner transitions)?

• a) Cd
• b) Hg
• c) Zn
• d) Fe

Inner Transition Elements (f block elements)

  1. What are elements called in which the last electron enters the f-orbital?

• a) d-block elements
• b) s-block elements
• c) p-block elements
• d) f-block elements

  1. In which group are f-block elements located?

• a) Group IIIA
• b) Group IIIB
• c) Group VIA
• d) Group VIIA

  1. How many incomplete outer energy levels do f-block elements have?

• a) One
• b) Two
• c) Three
• d) Four

  1. Where are f-block elements placed in the periodic table?

• a) At the top
• b) In the center
• c) Within group VIII
• d) In two rows at the bottom

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. a) Sc (21) to Zn (30)
  2. c) 4d
  3. c) Third transition series
  4. b) Hg
  5. d) f-block elements
  6. b) Group IIIB
  7. c) Three
  8. d) In two rows at the bottom
20
Q

🔵 Classification of Elements

🔹 Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration

  1. What is the atomic number range for the first series of 14 elements in which the 4f level is being built up?

• a) 57 to 70
• b) 58 to 71
• c) 60 to 73
• d) 56 to 69

  1. Which element follows lanthanum (57) in the lanthanide series?

• a) Actinium
• b) Thorium
• c) Cerium
• d) Lutetium

  1. What are the elements called in the first series where the 4f level is being built up?

• a) Transition elements
• b) Actinides
• c) Alkali metals
• d) Lanthanides

  1. What is the electronic configuration of Cerium (Ce, 58)?

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹ 5d¹
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d⁸ 6s²
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4p⁶ 5s² 5p⁶
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s² 4p⁶

  1. What is the atomic number range for the second series of 14 elements in which the 5f level is being filled?

• a) 89 to 102
• b) 90 to 103
• c) 91 to 104
• d) 88 to 101

  1. Which element follows actinium in the actinide series?

• a) Cerium
• b) Radium
• c) Thorium
• d) Uranium

  1. What are the elements called in the second series where the 5f level is being filled?

• a) d-block elements
• b) Lanthanides
• c) Noble gases
• d) Actinides

  1. What is the electronic configuration of Thorium (Th, 90)?

• a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹ 6d¹
• b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁶ 4p⁶
• c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s²
• d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶

  1. What are inner transition elements collectively known as?

• a) s-block elements
• b) Alkali earth metals
• c) Lanthanides and actinides
• d) Transition series

  1. What is a key property of compounds of inner transition elements?

• a) They are colorless
• b) They are highly colored
• c) They are gases
• d) They are all nonmetals

Study These Flashcards
A

✅ Answers

  1. b) 58 to 71
  2. c) Cerium
  3. d) Lanthanides
  4. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹ 5d¹
  5. b) 90 to 103
  6. c) Thorium
  7. d) Actinides
  8. a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s² 5f¹ 6d¹
  9. c) Lanthanides and actinides
  10. b) They are highly colored
21
Q

🔵 Defects of Long form of (Modern) Periodic Table

🔹 Position of Hydrogen

  1. Which element’s position in the periodic table still remains unsolved?

• a) Lithium
• b) Oxygen
• c) Hydrogen
• d) Fluorine

  1. Hydrogen resembles the properties of which two groups?

• a) Group IA and Group VIA
• b) Group IA and Group VIIA
• c) Group IIA and Group VIIA
• d) Group IIA and Group VIII

🔹 Position of Lanthanides and Actinides

  1. How many elements are found in each of the lanthanide and actinide series?

• a) 10
• b) 12
• c) 14
• d) 16

  1. Where are lanthanides and actinides shown in the periodic table?

• a) Inside the main body
• b) On the right edge
• c) Below the periodic table
• d) Above the periodic table

  1. What structural limitation does the long form of the periodic table share with Mendeleef’s table?

• a) No clear distinction between periods
• b) Overlapping atomic weights
• c) Lanthanides and actinides not accommodated in main table
• d) Absence of noble gases

🔹 Inconsistency in Group VIII

  1. Which group in the modern periodic table shows inconsistency?

• a) Group VII
• b) Group VI
• c) Group VIII
• d) Group IX

  1. How many elements have been placed one after another in the same period within group VIII?

• a) Two
• b) Three
• c) Four
• d) Five

  1. Which three elements are placed together in group VIII, breaking periodic pattern?

• a) Cu, Zn, Ga
• b) Fe, Co, Ni
• c) Mn, Tc, Re
• d) Ru, Rh, Pd

  1. What principle is violated by placing three elements in the same group in one period?

• a) Periodic Law
• b) Octet Rule
• c) Aufbau Principle
• d) General pattern of the periodic table

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. c) Hydrogen
  2. b) Group IA and Group VIIA
  3. c) 14
  4. c) Below the periodic table
  5. c) Lanthanides and actinides not accommodated in main table
  6. c) Group VIII
  7. b) Three
  8. b) Fe, Co, Ni
  9. d) General pattern of the periodic table

In-Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry (8 decks)

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