Clicker/TA questions for exam 1 Flashcards
(44 cards)
1
Q
What is the main difference between Gram+ and Gram- cell walls? A) Peptidoglycan thickness and content B) Presence of an outer membrane C) Presence of LPS D) A and C E) All of the above
A
E
2
Q
Regarding parasites, it is important that the veterinarian:
A) Understand those parasites capable of causing zoonoses
B) Recognize which parasites cause clinical disease
C) Minimizes parasites’ impact on production animals
D) A and B
E) All of the above
A
E
3
Q
Which of the following viruses is smallest in size? A) Poxvirus B) Rhabdovirus C) Parvovirus D) Rotavirus
A
C
4
Q
An ectoparasite is an organism that: A) Lives on the host B) Lives in the host C) Causes infestation D) A and C E) B and C
A
D
5
Q
Which of the following anatomical sites would not contain normal flora? A) GI Tract B) Skin C) Lungs D) Oropharynx E) Genital tract
A
C
6
Q
Are all microbes dangerous? A) All Microbes are dangerous B) Most microbes are dangerous C) Only Bacteria and Viruses D) Most are not pathogens
A
D
7
Q
True or false: Mutualism is the only form of symbiosis
A
False
8
Q
True or false: A Resident microbe can become an opportunistic
A
True
9
Q
What is a fastidious organism? A) Can be stained with an acid fast stain B) Replicates quickly C) Requires oxygen D) Has complex nutritional req. E) Does not req. oxygen
A
D
10
Q
Most bacterial pathogens will be: A) Mesophiles B) Thermophiles C) Hemophiles D) Psycrophile
A
A
11
Q
What is transplancental?
A) Organ Rejection
B) From mother to baby from milk
C) From mother to baby from Placenta
A
C
12
Q
True or false: Adhesin is a close association of bacteria cells to host cells
A
False
13
Q
Carrier animals A) Show symptoms B) Aquired from hospitals C) Only happen in large populatons D) Can spread the disease
A
D
14
Q
What is abnormal condition of body function called?
A) Disease
B) Infection
A
A
15
Q
Describe a bacteria that is stained pink/red and long and cylindrical. A) Gram+ Rod B) Gram- Rod C) Gram+ Cocci D) Gram- Cocci
A
B
16
Q
Which is a component of Prokaryotic cells? A) Mitochondria B) Endoplasmic Ret. C) Pili D) Nucleus E) Cilia
A
C
17
Q
True or false: Antifungals work against bacteria
A
False
18
Q
Endospores, made of dipicolinic acid and calcium, are made for what reason? A) To massively multiply B) Stage prior to mitosis C) To protect genetic information D) Biproduct of endotoxins
A
C
19
Q
Describe a bacteria that is stained blue/purple and are spherical shaped. A) Gram + Rods B) Gram – Rods C) Gram + cocci D) Gram – Cocci
A
C
20
Q
Which of the following is true of Exotoxins?
A) They are produced to damage host cells
B) They are proteinaceous molecules
C) They are non-proteinaceous molecules
D) All the above
E) A and B
A
E
21
Q
Enzymes used to break down host cell integrity, such as hemolysins, hyaluronidase and nucleases are considered? A) Adhesins B) Cellular tropism C) Invasins D) Pores
A
C
22
Q
Sigma factors are used by bacteria to:
A) Control gene expression of virulence factors
B) Sense physiological conditions in the cell
C) Cause change in pathogen phenotypes
D) Both A and C
A
D
23
Q
Which type of virulence regulation includes sensory and response regulators to sense conditions and regulate transcription, respectively?
A) Sigma factors
B) Two-component system
C) A and b
A
B
24
Q
Viruses are considered: A) Falcultative intracellular parasites B) Obligate intracellular parasites C) Obligate extracellular parasites D) Falcultative extracellular parasites
A
B
25
Viruses are surrounded by a capsid made of:
A) False, viruses are not surrounded by a capsid
B) Lipid
C) Protein
D) Calcium
C
26
What is an envelope?
A) Lipid bilayer made by the virus
B) An extra covering of protein made by the virus
C) A lipid bilayer taken from the host cell
D) A series of capsomeres
C
27
In viral replication, what is the step after ‘uncoating’?
A) Penetration
B) Attachment
C) Assembly and maturation
D) Synthesis of viral nucleic acid and protein
D (All Pretty Unicorns Sing A Rhyme)
28
True or false: All vaccines are killed viruses
False
29
In an ELISA test, an Indirect assay has how many antibodies?
A) False, no antibodies are ever used in an ELISA
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
C
30
True or false: Persistent infection often includes intensive shedding over a short period of time
False
31
Virus A has an LD50 of 30 while Virus B has an LD50 of 50. Which one is less virulent?
A) Virus A
B) Virus B
C) Both are equally virulent
D) Neither will cause disease in a live animal
B
32
Which of the following will assist in viral immune-evasion?
A) Adherins
B) Increase in the number of natural killer cells
C) Evasion of natural killer cells
D) A and C are both true
C
33
In 1885, Louis Pasteur was credited for the first rabies virus vaccine. Rabies virus is infamous for traveling from the site of a bite wound to the brain. Pasteur had studied a virus which:
A) Is characterized by neurotropism
B) Is an obligate intracellular parasite
C) A and B are both true
C
34
As a veterinarian, you should know what about parasites?
A) Which cause disease
B) Which are zoonotic
C) Diagostic tools
D) Treatments
E) How to minimalize impact on production
F) All the above
F
35
```
What does the scolex belong to?
A) Protazoe
B) Mite
C) Nematode
D) Cestode
E) Vector
```
D
36
```
Which is round, elongated with separate sexes?
A) Nematodes
B) Cestodes
C) Flukes
D) Protazoa
```
A
37
True or false: Trematodes have a direct life cycle
False
38
```
Which statement is true?
A) Ectoparasites cause infestations
B) Endoparasites cause Infections
C) Ectoparasites cause infections
D) Endoparasites cause infestations
E) AB
F) CD
```
E
39
True or false: The amount of parasites in a host is not important
False
40
True or false: Understanding the Disease Triad is really important for diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
True
41
Ancylostoma tubaeforme are found attached in the intestines of the host. This parasite has a large mouth cavity, also know as a buccal cavity. What is this attachment considered?
A) Mechanical or biting mouthparts
B) Molecular interaction
C) Adhesins
D) The premise is false, ancylostoma tubaerforme is found in the liver
A
42
```
Syngamus trachea, a nematode, infects earthworms without further development. Infected earthworms are consumed by wild fowl and cause disease.These earthworms are considered to be:
A) Intermediate hosts
B) Paratenic hosts
C) Reservoir
D) Incidental host
```
B
43
```
The measurement of disease-causing ability is ____________, while having the ability to cause such disease is ___________.
A) LD50; Infectious
B) Virulence; Pathogenicity
C) Infective Dose; Contagious
D) Pathogenicity; Pathogenic
```
B
44
In order to identify the causative agent of a specific disease which of the following must be true:
A) There must be a determined experimental LD50
B) The same pathogen must be present in all cases of the disease
C) Samples must be submitted for PCR testing
D) All infected animals must show symptoms of the disease
B
