Clinical

Question 1

Confluent vs coalescent

Answer 1

Confluent - no normal skin visible

Coalescent - normal skin still visible

Question 2

What must be assessed and recorded?

Answer 2

Distrubtion - which areas are affected

Configuration - how lesions are arranged

Morpholoy - what the lesions look like

Question 3

Where should you extend examination to?

Answer 3

Nails
Mouth
Joints
Hair

Question 4

What words are used to describe distrubtion?

Answer 4

Uni/bi lateral
Localised to
Circumscribed?

Question 5

Unilateral condtions?

Answer 5

external influence

Question 6

Rash

Answer 6

Colour
Size
Rasied or flat
Border features

Question 7

Blanching

Answer 7

Purpura - will not blanch

- doesn’t go away when pressed on

Question 8

Erythema

Answer 8

Redness that goes away when pressed - will blanch

Question 9

Flat lesions

Answer 9

Macule <1cm

Patch >1cm

Question 10

Raised lesions

Answer 10

Papule <0.5cm

Nodule >0.5cm

Question 11

Border features

Answer 11

Well or poorly defined

Question 12

Lichenified

Answer 12

Scar tissue - thickening with increased skin marking

Question 13

Fissures

Answer 13

Linear split in epidermis

Question 14

Atrophy

Answer 14

Loss of epidermis +/- dermis

Question 15

What are the 5 defining features of anaphylactic shock?

Answer 15

Airway
1. Laryngeal and or pharyngeal oedema

Breathing

2. Bronchospasm
3. Tachypnoea

Circulation

4. Tachycardia
5. Hypotension and potential collapse

Question 16

Onycholisis

Answer 16

Painless detachment of nail from nail bed

Question 17

What is cryotheraphy used to treat?

What is it’s contradiction?

Answer 17

Viral warts
Seborrhoeic keratosis
Small actinic keratosis
Small skin tages

Unsure about diagnosis - always refer if unsure

Question 18

MoA of cryotherapy

Answer 18

Cell destruction by:

1. intracellular ice formation
2. osmotic changes
3. vascular changes
4. immune system stimulation

Question 19

What are the two types of cryotherapy?

Answer 19

Spray (more effective as much colder)

Cotton bud method

Question 20

Difference between warts and corns?

What can be used to distinguish between the two?

Answer 20

Warts - bleeding points
Corns - central core of keratin without any blood vessels

Paring

Question 21

Why should you be cautious using cryotherapy in darker skin tones?

Answer 21

Melanocytes are more sensitive to the cold

Question 22

What is an angioma?

Answer 22

Growth consisting of blood vessels

Question 23

Which of the following steroid creams is stronger and can only be prescribed by a dermatologist?
Betnovate
Dermovate

Answer 23

Dermovate = stronger and only prescribed by dermatologists

Question 24

What is the diagnostic tool used in fungal infections?

Answer 24

Woods lamp