Clinical Anatomy of Reproductive System Flashcards
(25 cards)
Gametes
Haploid cell
Male –> Spermatozoa, Testes
Females –> Oocyte, Ovaries
Zygote
Diploid cell produced during fertilisation
Fusion of male and female gametes
Pelvic Cavity
Within bony pelvis
Continuous with abdominal cavity
Between pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet
Pelvic Floor - Composition, Separates, Openings (3)
Internal Wall of skeletal muscle
Separates pelvic cavity and perineum
Openings –> Distal alimentary, reproductive and renal tracts can pass through
Perineum
Inferior to pelvic floor
Between proximal parts of lower limbs
Pelvic Roof
Formed by parietal peritoneum
Parietal Peritoneum
Lining of abdominal cavity
Firmly attached to walls
Drapes over pelvic viscera
Pouches in Female Pelvis
Serous membrane - secretes peritoneal fluid
Vesicouterine pouch
Rectouterine
Peritoneum
Serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
Female Perineum (5)
Pubic Mound
Passing through pelvic floor
External urethral orifice
Vaginal orifice
Anus
Female Reproductive System
Female Reproductive Organs –> Ovaries
Accessory Reproductive Organs –> Uterine tubes, uterus and vagina
Ovum released and fimbriae collect into uterine tubes
Uterus layers (3)
Perimetrium - external
Myometrium - muscle layer, contractions
Endometrium - internal, thickens during menstruation, shed)
Uterus Position (2)
Anteverted – cervix tipper anteriorly relative to axis of vagina (posterior)
Anteflexed – uterus tipped anteriorly relative to axis of cervix
Female Pelvis - Arteries
Ovarian Artery
Internal Iliac artery –> uterine artery –> vaginal artery
Anastomoses
Fertilisation
Ova develops in ovaries
Ovum released from ovary surface into peritoneal cavity
Gathered by fimbriae then along uterine tube (cilia)
Fertilisation via sperm
Implantation in endometrium
Ectopic Pregnancy
Fertilised ovum implants outwith uterine cavity
Risk of haemorrhage
Female Sterilisation
Tubal Ligation
STIs and STDs
Male Perineum (6)
Penis
Scrotum
Anus
Urethra
Prepuce
External Urethral orifice
Testes - Development
Testis originate on posterior wall of abdominal cavity
Birth - testes descended into scrotum through inguinal canal
Vas deferens - tube that sperm pass through and connects to urethra
Spermatogenesis
Sperms produced in seminiferous tubules
Sperm pass to rete testis where they go epididymis head
Involuntary control - testis closer or further away from body (depends on temp)
Spermatic Cord
Vas deferens
Testicular artery, pampiniform plexus of veins
Torsion of Testis
Twisting of spermatic cord can result in blood blockage and possible necrosis
Penis
3 cylinders of erectile tissue (filled with blood at arterial pressure during erection)
Male Reproductive System
Male Reproductive Organs = Testes
Accessory reproductive organs = Vas deferens, seminal glands, prostate gland and penis
Sperm –> Vas Deferens –> Spermatic Cord –> Seminal Gland –> Ejaculatory duct –> Prostate gland –> Urethra –> External urethral meatus of penis
