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Clinical Applications Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

Drug of choice for Syphilis

A

Penicillin G

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2
Q

Greatest activity against gram (+) bacilli and some gram (+) rods

A

Penicillin G

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3
Q

Oropharyngeal infections

A

Penicillin V

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4
Q

Drug of choice for Streptococcal, pneumococcal, meningococcal, and spirochete infection

A

Penicillin G
Penicillin V

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5
Q

Generally ineffective against Gram (-) EXCEPT Neisseria, Treponema, and Leptospira

A

Penicillin G
Penicillin V

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6
Q

Drug of choice for pneumococcal infections

A

Ampicillin

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7
Q

Most active against pneumococci

A

Amoxicillin

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8
Q

Greater activity for Gram (-) infections due to Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins

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9
Q

Infections due to enterococci, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis

A

Aminopenicillins

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10
Q

Most potent drug for Pseudomonas

A

Piperacillin

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11
Q

Used for methicillin sensitive Staph infection

A

Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins

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12
Q

Used for community acquired MRSA

A

Clindamycin

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13
Q

Used for hospital-acquired MRSA

A

vancomycin

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14
Q

Penetrates the bone and used for infections due to gram (+) cocci

A

Cephalosporin 1st Gen

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15
Q

Used for E.coli, Proteus and Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Cephalosporin 1st Gen

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16
Q

Extended Gr (-) activity

A

Cephalosporin 2nd Gen

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17
Q

Expanded Gr (-) activity

A

Cephalosporin 3rd Gen

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18
Q

Used for all 1st-3rd Gram (+) cocci and Pseudomonas

A

Cephalosporin 4th Gen

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19
Q

used for all 4th generation cephalosporin coverage and MRSA

A

Cephalosporin 5th Gen

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20
Q

Drug of choice for surgical prophylaxis

A

Cefazolin

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21
Q

Used to treat carbapenemase producing organisms

A

Ceftazidime

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22
Q

Administered with azithromycin for gonococcal infections

A

Ceftriaxone

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23
Q

Drug of choice for Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL)

A

Carbapenems

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24
Q

Used for gram (+) anaerobes and gram (-); has coverage for P. aeruginosa

A

Carbapenems
coverage for P. aeruginosa= EXCEPT ertapenem

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25
Used as substitute for Penicillin G allergies and meningitis
Monobactam (Aztreonam)
26
Drug of choice for infection caused by MRSA
Glycopeptides
27
used for uncomplicated cystitis (UTI)
Fosfomycin
28
2nd line for drug resistant tb
cycloserine
29
Used for infections due to gram (+) bacteria during sepsis & endocarditis
Daptomycin
30
For salvage therapy of Acinetobacter, Enterobacteriaceae, and P. aeruginosa
Polymyxins (B &E)
31
Coverage: - Gr (+) except Strep pneumoniae - Gr (-) - P. aeruginosa - NO coverage for atypical & anaerobic organisms
Aminoglycosides
32
Used for lyme disease
Aminoglycosides
33
Used for acne
aminoglycosides
34
Used for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion (SIADH)
demeclocycline
35
used for bronchitis
doxycycline
36
Mainly for rickettsiae (rocky mountain spotted fever) and borrelia (lyme disease)
tetracycline
37
Substitute for penicillin in penicillin-allergic individuals for strep and staph infections
Erythromycin
38
used for corynebacterial and chalmydial infections
Erythromycin
39
More active against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
Clarithromycin
40
used in combination with B-lactam antibiotic for community acquired pneumonia
Azithromycin
41
backup drug against Gr (+) cocci (community-acquired strains of MRSA)
Clindamycin
42
Used with Penicillin G for toxic shock syndrome or necrotizing fasciitis
Clindamycin
43
Used as substitute for prophylaxis of endocarditis in valvular disease for patients allergic to penicillin
Clindamycin
44
Used in combination with primaquine alternative for P. jirovecii pneumonia in AIDS patients
Clindamycin
45
Clindamycin is used with ____ for AIDS-related toxoplasmosis
pyrimethamine
46
Used in vancomycin-resistant strains of E. faecium
Quinupristin-dalfopristin Linezolid
47
Used as off-label treatment of MDR-TB and Nocardia infections
Linezolid
48
used for skin and soft tissue infection
Tedizolid
49
Backup drug for Salmonella, Rickettsiae, and Bacteroides
Chloramphenicol
50
Backupdrug against Gr (+) cocci
Lincosamide
51
Used as substitute for treatment of endocarditis prophylaxis in px. with penicillin allergy
Lincosamide
52
used for superficial eye infections
tobramycin
53
used for gentamicin and tobramycin-resistant bacteria
Netilmicin
54
substitute drug for gonorrhea in px. with penicillin allergy
Spectinomycin
55
leishmaniasis
Paromomycin
56
Drug of choice for P. jirovecii pneumnia, toxoplasmosis, and nocardiosis
Sulfonamides
57
used for acute UTI
Trimethoprim
58
Sulfonamides are frequently used in combination with ____
TMP (trimethoprim)
59
First line drug for acute toxoplasmosis
Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine
60
second line antimalarial agent
Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine (Fansinadir)
61
Used for ulcerative colitis, enteritis, and other Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs)
Sulfasalazine (Salicylazosulfapyridine)
62
used for burn wounds for prevention of infection
Silver sulfadiazine Mafenide acetate (but can cause metabolic acidosis)
63
Backup drug for cholera
TMP-SMX
64
Drug of choice for Toxoplasmosis
Sulfadiazine-Pyrimethamine
65
Given to patients with sulfonamide allergy
Trimethoprim
66
single agent indicated for treatment of latent tb
Isoniazid
67
prevent MDR mycobacteria
Rifampin + Isoniazid
68
for atypical mycobacterial infections and leprosy
Rifampin + Dapsone
69
2x a day for meningococcal carriage
Rifampin
70
once daily for 4 days prophylaxis for HiB
Rifampin
71
preferred over rifampin in AIDS patients taking antiretrovirals
Rifabutin
72
used in traveler's diarrhea
Rifaximin
73
sterilizing agent against intracellular organisms
Pyrazinamide
74
for active tb and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections
Ethambutol
75
treatment for MDR TB, actively replicating and latent M. tuberculosis
Pretomanid
76
treatment of tb caused by streptomycin-resistant strains
Kanamycin
77
should be given with pyridoxine
Cycloserine
78
also known as hansen disease
leprosy
79
most active drug against M. leprae
Dapsone (Diaminodiphenylsulfone)
80
prevent and treat P. jirovecii in persons with AIDS and immunocompromised
Dapsone (Diaminodiphenylsulfone)
81
phenazine dye used in treatment of multibacillary leprosy
clofazimine
82
PTB treatment regimen for INH-intolerated patients
Ethionamide
83
treats isoniazid and rifampin resistant tb
Bedaquiline
84
alternative drug for P. carinii pneumonia in HIV px
Sulfones (Acedeapsone)

PCOL (4 decks)

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