clinical aspects of GIC

Question 1

what is silicate cement

Answer 1

glass powder mixed with phosphoric acid to produce a hard material

Question 2

what are the disadvantages of silicate

Answer 2

not aesthetic

low wear resistance

Question 3

what was the best restorative material in 1971

Answer 3

gold

Question 4

what is the updated version of silicate

Answer 4

glass powder mixed with poly carboxylic acid

Question 5

benefits of updates silicate

Answer 5

set harder 
tooth coloured 
more wear resistant 
released fluoride 
chemically bonded to enamel and dentine

Question 6

what do we call the glass ionomer

Answer 6

ion leachable glass

chemical elements can dissolve out

Question 7

what is the 3 stages of the setting reaction

Answer 7

dissolution
gelation/hardening
maturation

Question 8

dissolution stage 1

Answer 8

add water to the poly acid chain-> when you add water, H+ ions become liberated from the acid and leave this leaves negatively charged carboxyl groups on the polyacid chains

Question 9

what is the glass particles made up of

Answer 9

silica and calcium alunimum fluoride and other make it radiopaque and tooth coloured-

Question 10

what is the glass particles called

Answer 10

calcium alumno- fluoro- silicate glass

Question 11

dissolution stage 2

Answer 11

when the h+ ions from the polyacid come into contact with the glass they erode the glass and release the ions into solution

Question 12

dissolution stage 3

Answer 12

negatively charged carboxyl group on polyacid binds to calcium and aluminium

Question 13

what occurs in the final stage of dissolution

Answer 13

cross linking of poly acid chains and the fluoride which was bound to calcium or aluminium is released off into solution

Question 14

how long does it take for the paste to harden

Answer 14

4-5 minutes

Question 15

what is the maturation phase

Answer 15

the ca and alundum keep forming cross links makes it even stronger

Question 16

what consequence could happen in the maturation stage

Answer 16

the poly acids could not bind to al or ca and could free float into the saliva- leaving it weak

Question 17

what can prevent polyacid floating into the saliva

Answer 17

coating of varnish or bonding resin

Question 18

benefits of GIC

Answer 18

easy to use- doesnt need to bond or moisture control
chemically bonds to enamel or dentine
releases fluoride

Question 19

how does gic adhere to dentine

Answer 19

chemical
some h+ ions come into contact with the tooth surface and that releases calcium and phosphate in the apatite and that diffuses off and the Ca and Al from GIC diffuse into the tooth

Question 20

what is dentine conditioning

Answer 20

used to remove the smear layer of dentine

Question 21

what is dentine conditioner

Answer 21

10% polyacrylic acid
leave for 20 seconds
Wash off well
dry (10 seconds)

Question 22

what is the % gap free margins when conditioner was not used after 100000 chewing cycles

Answer 22

50

Question 23

what is the % gap free margins when conditioner was used after 100000 chewing cycles

Answer 23

90

Question 24

what is a gap free margin

Answer 24

where the gig has stayed in good contact with the tooth surface

Question 25

what happens to fluoride being released

Answer 25

released fast at the start but decreases and plateaus as time goes on

Question 26

what percentage of GIC restorations have been removed due to secondary caries

Answer 26

50% of 790

Question 27

what can happen to gic and fluoride toothpaste

Answer 27

the GIC can absorb the fluoride from toothpaste and mouthwash and then release it- this is called fluoride recharging

Question 28

disadvantage of GIC

Answer 28

weak compared to other materials poor aesthetics compared to composite poor survival time

Question 29

what can happen to GIC overtime

Answer 29

it can change colour

Question 30

what is the median survival time of GIC

Answer 30

6.4 years

Question 31

what discovery happened in 1985

Answer 31

silver cement

Question 32

what is silver cement

Answer 32

amalgam powder added to GIC-

Question 33

what was it thought the amalgam powder would do to the GIC

Answer 33

strength | and wear resistance only bought poor aesthetics

Question 34

what did we find about silver cermet

Answer 34

more resistant to acid attack lower flexural strength more prone to abrasion

Question 35

what discover was made in 1989

Answer 35

resin modified GIC- added HEMA to the glass ionomer

Question 36

where else is HEMA found

Answer 36

in the bonding agent

Question 37

which light does hema polymerise under

Answer 37

Blue light

Question 38

how can HEMA be added

Answer 38

as a liquid or chemically to bond with the carboxylic acid groups on some of the polyacid chains

Question 39

benefits of RMGIC

Answer 39

BETTER aesthetics command set more resistant to losing ions during maturation

Question 40

what happens when we go through the maturation stage in RMGIC

Answer 40

we shine a light on it and everything fixes into place

Question 41

disadvantages of GIC

Answer 41

when light cured fluoride ions not released as it is fixed into place and no H+ ions released and therefore no more cross links

Question 42

disadvantages of RMGIC

Answer 42

do not release fluoride after cured polymerised shrinkage not suitable for post teeth

Question 43

what does the fluoride release curve look like for RMGIC

Answer 43

releases but then flattens and cannot be fluoride recharged

Question 44

what development came along in 1990

Answer 44

to add smaller glass particles- occupy more of the space

Question 45

examples of high density materials

Answer 45

fuji 9 | ketac molar aplicap

Question 46

issues with current GIC

Answer 46

weak complicated to use- conditioning and coating waiting time-sticky first but shortworkable time RMGIC cease to act like GIC when cured

Question 47

what is the newest development of GIC

Answer 47

zinc reinforcement

Question 48

what happens in zinc replacement

Answer 48

calcium ions replaced by zinc- and zinc brings more strength

Question 49

example of GIC with zinc replacement

Answer 49

chemfil rock

Question 50

benefits of chemfil rock

Answer 50

better wear resistance bonds to enamel and dentine no conditioning no varnish required

Question 51

which patients is chemfil rock good for

Answer 51

children

Question 52

how do we use chemfil rock

Answer 52

inject it pack it remove XS

Question 53

how long can chemfil rock last

Answer 53

a few months maybe years

Question 54

what happens in the mauration stage of chemfil

Answer 54

further cross liking fluoride release fluoride recharge

Question 55

disadvantages of chemfil rock

Answer 55

poor aesthetics- too white not tooth coloured

Question 56

what do we use for cavities which are subginigval

Answer 56

RMGIC- due to poor moisture control

Question 57

how long for Gic can be used for

Answer 57

temporary restoration- so we can remove the restoration as it is not completely tooth coloured without removing sound tissue

Question 58

what colour is fuji triage

Answer 58

pinky orange