Clinical Hematology Final

Question 1

Normal values for WBC

Answer 1

4.0-10.5x10^5

Question 2

Normal values for RBC

Answer 2

4.35-4.55x10^6

Question 3

Normal values for Hgb for females

Answer 3

12.0-15.5

Question 4

Normal values for Hgb for males

Answer 4

13.5-17.0

Question 5

Normal values for Hct for female

Answer 5

36.0-47.0

Question 6

Normal values for Hct for males

Answer 6

37.9-51.0

Question 7

Normal values for platelets

Answer 7

150,000-450,000

Question 8

What factors increase the ESR?

Answer 8

anemia, infections, pregnancy, carcinoma, alcoholism, multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia

Question 9

What factors decrease the ESR?

Answer 9

polycythemia, sickle cell, spherocytosis

Question 10

What is the chief use of the osmotic fragility test?

Answer 10

determines the ability of the RBCs to withstand hypo-osmotic solutions and membrane defects

Question 11

What test is best to use to differentiate between homozygous and heterozygous sickle cell disease

Answer 11

Hub electrophoresis

Question 12

How are reticulocytes stained?

Answer 12

new methylene blue

Question 13

What is the use of the reticulocyte test to the physician?

Answer 13

to determine RBC production in certain disease states; diagnosing and monitoring anemia

Question 14

In what condition would one expect to see an increased retic count?

Answer 14

hemorrhage, post-splenectomy, hemolytic anemias

Question 15

In what condition would one expect to see a decreased retic count?

Answer 15

bone marrow suppression due to toxic environmental substances, chemotherapy, and radiation

Question 16

Red cell morphology for increased MCV

Answer 16

macro

Question 17

Red cell morphology for decreased MCV

Answer 17

micro

Question 18

Red cell morphology for decreased MCHC

Answer 18

hypochromic

Question 19

Red cell morphology for increased RDW

Answer 19

aniso

Question 20

With what condition are burr cells associated?

Answer 20

toxic states, GI bleeding, and chronic renal disease or uremic poisoning

Question 21

In what condition is punctate basophilia frequently seen

Answer 21

lead poisoning, increased erythropoiesis, various anemias and leukemia

Question 22

With what condition are Heinz bodies most closely associated?

Answer 22

G6PD

Question 23

What is the most prominent feature in a blood smear from a patient with ABO HDN?

Answer 23

spherocytes

Question 24

What values must be known in order calculate the MCV?

Answer 24

RBCs and Hct

Question 25

What values must be known in order calculate the MCH?

Answer 25

RBCs and Hgb

Question 26

What values must be known in order calculate the MCHC

Answer 26

Hit and Hgb

Question 27

Describe the blood smear of IDA

Answer 27

hypo/micro, aniso and poik, target cells, burr cells, oval

Question 28

Describe the blood smear of folic acid deficiency

Answer 28

macro/normo, oval macro, hypersegs, aniso/poik, pancytopenia, HJ bodies, NRBCs, basophilic stippling, cabot rings

Question 29

What are the causes of aplastic anemia?

Answer 29

bone marrow suppression, failure or replacement

Question 30

What is a common characteristic of all hemolytic anemias?

Answer 30

marked increase in retic count

Question 31

What is an unusual finding that is a means of differentiating AIHA from other hemolytic anemias?

Answer 31

DAT

Question 32

What is pancytopenia?

Answer 32

decreased concentrations of all blood cells

Question 33

What is the appearance of a plasma cell?

Answer 33

eccentric nucleus, strongly basophilic cytoplasm

Question 34

What are the distinguishing characteristics of Hodgkin's disease?

Answer 34

leukocytosis and eosinophilia

Question 35

What are the normal features from a newborn

Answer 35

NRBCs, polychromasia, immatures, ATLs

Question 36

What serves to stain eosinophils for a eosinophil count?

Answer 36

phyloxine

Question 37

What serves to lyse other WBCs in a eosinophil count?

Answer 37

NaCO3

Question 38

What serves to lyse other RBCs in a eosinophil count?

Answer 38

propylene glycol

Question 39

What condition cannot absolutely be diagnosed without a bone marrow aspirate?

Answer 39

pernicious anemia

Question 40

What must be seen in a bone marrow aspirate to diagnose pernicious anemia?

Answer 40

megaloblasts

Question 41

What is the chief use of the LAP?

Answer 41

differentiation of acute and chronic leukemias, particularly CML

Question 42

What is the most common leukemia in children?

Answer 42

ALL

Question 43

Which leukemia frequently presents with a greatly increased platelet count?

Answer 43

CML

Question 44

How are PNH and PCH diagnosed in the lab?

Answer 44

DAT

Question 45

What type of hemolysis is PNH?

Answer 45

intravascular

Question 46

What type of hemolysis is PCH?

Answer 46

extravascular

Question 47

Which layer of the blood is used for making and LE prep?

Answer 47

buffy coat

Question 48

Which group of disorders is classified by the FAB?

Answer 48

leukemia

Question 49

What is the normal MCV value?

Answer 49

80-100 fL

Question 50

What is the normal MCH value?

Answer 50

27-31 pg

Question 51

What is the normal MCHC?

Answer 51

32-36 g/dL

Question 52

What is the normal RDW?

Answer 52

11-15%