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Flashcards in clinical studies Deck (28)
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1
Q

To analyze associations between risk factors and those outcomes

A

ANALYTICAL

2
Q

Experimental drug or procedure is compared with another drug or procedure (placebo or another drug)

A

Controlled Trials

3
Q

Useful for chronic illnesses (gradual onset, long duration)

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

4
Q

Uses the experimental design

A

Clinical Trials

5
Q

Prevalence studies

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

6
Q

Types of Clinical Studies

A

Descriptive
Analytical
Experimental

7
Q

To describe the incidence of certain outcomes over time

A

DESCRIPTIVE

8
Q

similar to the prospective cohort study except that baseline measurements, follow-up, and outcomes all happened in the past

A

Retrospective Cohort Study

Historical Cohort

9
Q

Only possible if there is adequate data on the risk factors and outcome

A

Historical Cohort

10
Q

The direct comparison of two or more treatment modalities in human groups

A

Clinical Trials

11
Q

Studies in which the investigator’s experience with a drug or treatment is described

A

Uncontrolled Trials

12
Q

Specific outcomes are measures and compared using statistical analysis to determine significant effects

A

Clinical Trials

13
Q

Exposure status and Disease status are measured at one point in time

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

14
Q

No comparison with another groupww

A

Uncontrolled Trials

15
Q

To draw conclusions about a procedure or treatment

A

Experimental Studies in Humans – Clinical Trials

16
Q

Subjects and Researchers “blinded” to the actual exposure

A

Clinical Trials

17
Q

Less costly than cohort studies

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

18
Q

The clinical decision making process is based on probabilities.

A

Diagnostic Testing

19
Q

To determine whether there is a difference between the different groups

A

Experimental Studies in Humans – Clinical Trials

20
Q

A method of evaluating treatment

A

Clinical Trials

21
Q

The purpose of a diagnostic test is to increase the probability of disease towards 100%.

A

Diagnostic Testing

22
Q

Serum Hemoglobin

A

Anemia1

23
Q

Diagnostic tests may affect treatment plans or subsequent diagnostic tests

A

Diagnostic Testing

24
Q

The most definitive diagnostic method is referred to as the

A

gold standard

25
Q

The clinical decision making process is based on probabilities.

A

Diagnostic Testing

26
Q

When the estimated likelihood of a disease is close to 100%, the disease is confirmed

A

Diagnostic Testing

27
Q

BMA for

A

leukemia

28
Q

Echocardiography

A

LVH