Clinical Use of Antimicrobials

Question 1

Principles

Answer 1

make diagnosis, do no harm, only bacteria that cause disease should be treated with AB therapy

Question 2

Signs of Infection

Answer 2

pain, redness, warmth, fever, tachycardia, lab findings (WBC, CRP) CT, MRI bone scans

Question 3

Coloniztion

Answer 3

occurs when organisms inhabit a specific site but do not cause signs or symptoms of infection

Question 4

Infection

Answer 4

when microbe invades a specific site and evokes a host immune response

Question 5

Endogenous

Exogenous

Answer 5

arises from normal flora

from external source

Question 6

Empiric Antimicrobial Tx

Answer 6

therapy that is initiated prior to identification of a pathogen

Question 7

Bacteriostatic

Answer 7

macrolides, tetracyclines, linezolid, clindamycin

Question 8

Bactericial

Answer 8

Beta-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, vanco, daptomycin

Question 9

Time Dependent Killing

Answer 9

cidal when conc. of antimicrobial agents are above the MIC (beta-lactam and vanco)

Question 10

Conc. Dependent Killing

Answer 10

rate and extent of killing increases with increasing drug conc. (aminoglycosides, quinolones)

Question 11

Negative Lab Tests

Answer 11

can indicate endocarditis, pneumonia,

Question 12

Breakpoint

Answer 12

susceptible- BP>MIC
Intermed- MIC=BP
Resistant- MIC>BP