Clinical view Boxes of Unit 2

Question 1

Osteitis deformans

Answer 1

Characterized by excessive bone resorption, excessive osteoclast activity followed by excessive bone deposition, excessive osteoblast activity.

Question 2

Achondroplastic dwarfism

Answer 2

Characterized by an abnormal conversion of hyaline cartilage to bone. Failure of chondrocytes

Question 3

Bone Scans

Answer 3

Tests that can detect bone pathologies sooner than X-rays, while exposing the patient to only a fraction of the radiation.

Question 4

Cleft lip and Cleft palate

Answer 4

Incomplete fusion of the upper jaw components of the developing embryo.

Question 5

Herniated Discs

Answer 5

Produces a “bulging” of the intervertebral discs pinching the nerves of the spinal cord

Question 6

Sternal Foramen

Answer 6

Sometimes, mistakenly identified as a bullet wound in the sternum, has caused deaths in acupuncture.

Question 7

Variations in Rib Development

Answer 7

Bifid ribs (Split), Extra pair, missing pair, cervical ribs (these may compress axillary artery and need to be removed)

Question 8

Fracture of the Clavicle

Answer 8

Fractures easily because of S Shape, posterior fractures can be more serious because splinters can puncture the subclavian artery and vein.

Question 9

Colles Fracture

Answer 9

Fracture on the wrist

Question 10

Scaphoid Fracture

Answer 10

One of the most commonly fractured carpal bones takes a long time to heal, caused by falling on an outstretched hand. Can cause avascular necrosis of the wrist because its blood supply can get cut off

Question 11

Pott Fracture

Answer 11

Fracture of the distal tibia and often the fibula, involving the malleoli specifically.

Question 12

Pathologies of the Foot

Answer 12

A bunion, Pes planus, Pes cavus, Tallpes equinovarus

Question 13

Limb Malformalities

Answer 13

Polydactyly, Ectrodactyly, Syndactyly, Amelia, Phocomelia

Question 14

What does TMJ stands for what?

Answer 14

Temporomandibular Joint

Question 15

What habit can cause TMJ disorders?

Answer 15

Chewing Gum

Question 16

What type of joints does cracking your knuckles affect?

Answer 16

Synovial Joints

Question 17

Does “Cracking Knuckles” cause arthritis?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Subluxation refers to what?

Answer 18

An incomplete dislocation of a joint.

Question 19

What type of dislocation is known as a nursemaid’s elbow?

Answer 19

Subluxation of the head of the radius

Question 20

The posterior and anterior drawer tests are used to check for tears in which ligament in the leg?

Answer 20

Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL & PCL)

Question 21

A triple injury of the anterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus, and tibial collateral ligament are referred to as what?

Answer 21

An Unhappy Triad

Question 22

Arthritis is a degenerative breakdown of what?

Answer 22

Joints

Question 23

In arthritis the whole bone is affected but which type of cartilage is effected the most?

Answer 23

Articular Cartilage

Question 24

An over-inversion of the foot can lead to what?

Answer 24

Ankle Sprain

Question 25

What fracture may occur as a result of an overeversion sprain?

Answer 25

Pott Fracture

Question 26

Which disease blocks Acetalcholine because of toxin from canned foods that weren't cooked enough?

Answer 26

Botulism

Question 27

Blocks an inhibitory neurotransmitter called glycine and an immune never fully develops and is most likely found around wounds.

Answer 27

Tetanus

Question 28

At what time interval does full rigor mortis occur?

Answer 28

8-24 hours after death body will stiff. Helps provide time of death.

Question 29

Muscular dystrophy is where skeletal muscle degenerates and is replaced by what two things?

Answer 29

Adipose tissue and fibrous connective tissue.

Question 30

Strabismus refers to the misalignment of what?

Answer 30

Eyes, Crossed eyes

Question 31

Congenital muscular torticollis is also called what

Answer 31

Wryneck

Question 32

Congenital muscular torticollis is also called is treated how?

Answer 32

Botox

Question 33

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease that occurs exclusively in which gender?

Answer 33

Males

Question 34

Congenital muscular torticollis is a failure of which muscle?

Answer 34

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 35

Which muscle is commonly paralyzed by polio?

Answer 35

The diaphram, treated by the iron lung.

Question 36

Which bone do shin splints affect?

Answer 36

Tibia

Question 37

Which toxin results in excessive muscle in contraction

Answer 37

Tetanus

Question 38

Which type of joints does arthritis attack?

Answer 38

Synovial Joints

Question 39

Thalidomide cause malformation in which part of the body?

Answer 39

Limb malformations