Close-Outs Week 5

Question 1

what is phenylephrine HCl?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?

Answer 1

oral tablet for nasal decongestant

safe for children

Question 2

what is pseudoephedrine?
is it recommended for children?
if not, how old should old should child be?

Answer 2

oral tablet for nasal decongestant

yes

Question 3

what is oxymetazoline spray?
is it recommended for children? if so, what age?
what concentration is safe for children under 6?

Answer 3

nasal drop/spray decongestant
yes, but not recommended for children under 6
0.025%

Question 4

what is phenylephrine?

is it recommended for children? if so, how old?

Answer 4

nasal drop/spray decongestant

yes, but not recommended for children under 6

Question 5

what drug class are dextromethorphan and Diphenhydramine?

Answer 5

Antitussive/cough suppressant

Question 6

dyclonine, phenol, menthol and benzocaine are all found in?

Answer 6

lozenges and sprays for sore throat

Question 7

allergic rhinitis:
symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral)
sneezing?
rhinorrhea?
pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate?
nasal obstruction?
conjunctivitis? (red eyes)
pain?
anosmia (loss of smell)?
epistaxis (nose bleed)?

Answer 7

• bilateral, worse in morning, subsides during day, may worsen at night
• frequent, may have a “sneeze attack”
• watery, runny nose
• frequent
• variable
• frequent
• possible sinus pain due to congestion
• rare
• rare

Question 8

nonallergic rhinitis:
symptoms? (bilateral or unilateral)
sneezing?
rhinorrhea?
pruritus of eyes, nose and/or palate?
nasal obstruction?
conjunctivitis? (red eyes)
pain?
anosmia (loss of smell)?
epistaxis (nose bleed)?

Answer 8

• usually unilateral, but can be bilateral, constant day and night
• little or none
• watery or thick (mucusy) postnasal drip
• none
• usually present and severe
• none
• variable
• frequent
• recurrent

Question 9

drug-induced causes of nonallergic rhinitis?

Answer 9

cocaine, beta blockers, ACEIs, oral contraceptives, aspirin, NSAIDs, overuse topical decongestants

Question 10

traumatic causes of nonallergic rhinitis?

Answer 10

recent facial/head trauma

Question 11

what is the most effective pharmacological treatment for most symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

Answer 11

intranasal corticosteroids (INCS)

Question 12

what are the 4 different INCS’s?

Answer 12

budesonide
fluticasone furoate
fluticasone propionate
triamcinolone acetonide

Question 13

exclusions for self treatment for allergic rhinitis?

Answer 13

children under 12
pregnant/lactating women
symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis
symptoms of other infections
symptoms of undiagnosed or uncontrolled asthma
severe side effects of treatment

Question 14

how old should a child be before using budesonide?

Answer 14

6

Question 15

how old should a child be before using fluticasone furoate?

Answer 15

2

Question 16

how old should a child be before using fluticasone propionate?

Answer 16

4

Question 17

how old should a child be before using triamcinolone acetonide?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

what are the 4 antitussives?

Answer 18

codeine
dextrometorphan
diphenhydramine
chlophedianol hydrochloride

Question 19

exclusions for self-treatment for cough?

Answer 19

Difficulty breathing
coughing blood
weight loss
night sweats
cough worsens after 3-5 days
does not subside in 2-3 wks
child under 4
high temp
whooping cough
cough w/o fever

Question 20

what drug class are Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Chlorpheniramine, and Brompheniramine?

Answer 20

First generation oral antihistamines

Question 21

what drug class are Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Cetirizine, and Levocetirizine

Answer 21

Second generation oral antihistamines

Question 22

what drug class is Cromolyn sodium

Answer 22

mast cell stabilizer

Question 23

Guaifenesin is considered an?

what is it good to use for?

Answer 23

Expectorant

mucus in chest and throat, will help clear mucus

Question 24

what non-pharm treatment can you do for a stuffy nose?

Answer 24

Sodium chloride nasal rinse

Question 25

honey is good for?

Answer 25

sore throat

Question 26

if recommending a second generation antihistamine, what's an important counseling point?

Answer 26

may cause drowsiness, tell pt to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them

Question 27

patients should avoid decongestants if they have what diagnosis?

Answer 27

hypertension

Question 28

``` if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the best counseling recommendation: fluticasone propionate counsel how to use: directions: counsel on time for effect: side effects? ```

Answer 28

- gently blow nose and shake bottle before use and prime it the first time - spray 1 to 2 sprays into each nostril - may take several days for full effect - nausea, headache, fatigue

Question 29

``` if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they need something to work quickly: oxymetazoline spray counsel how to use: how many sprays per day: do not use longer than: side effects? avoid use if pt has: ```

Answer 29

- gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril and spray once into each nostril - do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours - do not use longer than 3 days - headache, nasal stinging/burning - cvd, hypertension, glaucoma

Question 30

``` if patient has suspected allergic rhinitis, what is the counseling recommendation if they don't want a spray: cetirizine dosing: time for effect: side effects: counseling point: ```

Answer 30

- take one tablet at the same time each day - make take a couple hours to work - Drowsiness and dry mouth may occur - avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication effects them

Question 31

``` if patient has a cold and is looking for a decongestant: oxymetazoline spray counsel steps to use: sprays per day: do not use longer than: side effects? avoid use if pt has? ```

Answer 31

- gently blow nose, insert tip of bottle into nostril, spray once into each nostril - do not use more than two sprays in each nostril in 24 hours - do not use longer than 3 days - headache, nasal burning, stinging - cvd, hypertension, glaucoma

Question 32

``` if patient has a cough, what is the counseling recommendation: dextromethorphan cough syrup and cough drops containing menthol or benzocaine directions: side effects? counsel point: avoid using? ```

Answer 32

- take every 4 to 12 hours as needed - may cause slight drowsiness/dizziness, nausea, or vomiting - Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely - avoid alcohol

Question 33

if patient has build-up mucus, what is the counseling recommendation: guaifenesin dosing directions? side effects?

Answer 33

- 200-400mg q4h with a full glass of water | - nausea/vomiting, dizziness,diarrhea