CMA - CH 20 Key Terms - Rehab & Treatment Modalities

Question 1

abduction

Answer 1

motion away from the midline of the body.

Question 2

activities of daily living (ADLs)

Answer 2

activities performed during a typical day that involve caring for oneself, such as eating and brushing teet.

Question 3

adduction

Answer 3

motion toward the midline of the body

Question 4

ambulation

Answer 4

to walk

Question 5

assistive device

Answer 5

walking aid

Question 6

axilla

Answer 6

space below the shoulder joint where nerves and blood vessels enter the upper arm

Question 7

body mechanics

Answer 7

practice of using certain key muscle groups together with correct body alignment to avoid injury when lifting or moving heavy or awkward objects

Question 8

circumduction

Answer 8

circular motion of a body part

Question 9

contractures

Answer 9

occurs when the body is in a non-moving state. Usually flexible connective tissues become stiffened and are replaced with fiber-like tissues.

Question 10

cryotherapy

Answer 10

use of low temperatures for medical therapy

Question 11

diathermy

Answer 11

application of high-frequency electromagnetic currents or ultrasonography to produce heat in body tissue for a therapeutic purpose.

Question 12

dorsiflexion

Answer 12

movement of the foot upward at the ankle joint

Question 13

effleurage

Answer 13

deep or gentle stroking massage

Question 14

electromyography (EMG)

Answer 14

recording of the electrical activity of muscle tissue, using electrodes attached to the skin or inserted into the muscle.

Question 15

eversion

Answer 15

moving a body part outward

Question 16

extension

Answer 16

straightening of a body part

Question 17

flexion

Answer 17

bending of a body part

Question 18

gait

Answer 18

manner or style of walking including rhythm and speed

Question 19

goniometer

Answer 19

current instrument used to measure angle of joint’s range of motion

Question 20

goniometry

Answer 20

measurement of joint motion

Question 21

hemiplegia

Answer 21

paralysis of one side of the body

Question 22

hydrocollator

Answer 22

pack filled with gel that is warmed in a water bath

Question 23

hyperextension

Answer 23

position of maximum extension, or extending a body part beyond it’s normal limits

Question 24

inversion

Answer 24

moving a body part inward

Question 25

modalities

Answer 25

physical agents such as heat, cold, light, water, and electricity used to treat muscular or joint malfunction

Question 26

petrissage

Answer 26

kneading movement in massage

Question 27

physiatry

Answer 27

medical specialty that treats a wide variety of medical conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons.

Question 28

plantar flexion

Answer 28

occurs when the foot moves downward at the ankle

Question 29

pronation

Answer 29

occurs when the arm moves so the palm is down

Question 30

range of motion (ROM)

Answer 30

amount of movement that is present at the joint

Question 31

rehabilitative medicine

Answer 31

field of medical disciplines that seeks to use physical and mechanical agents to restore an individual or body part to normal or near-normal function after an illness or injury.

Question 32

rotation

Answer 32

occurs when a body part is turned around its axis

Question 33

supination

Answer 33

occurs when the arm is moved so the palm is up

Question 34

thermotherapy

Answer 34

use of heat to treat a physical condition

Question 35

ultrasound

Answer 35

uses high frequency sound waves for therapeutic reasons to generate heat in the deep tissue

Question 36

vasoconstriction

Answer 36

narrowing or constricting of blood vessels