CNS drugs 2 Flashcards

Question

drugs that suppress sodium influx into cells

Answer 1

dilantin | depakote

Answer 2

succinimides

Answer 3

category D (teratogenic)

Answer 4

partial seizures | tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 5

may stabilize neuronal membranes and limit seizure activity either by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses

Answer 6

``` pregnancy bradycardia or heart block allergy to hydantoins seizures 2/2 hypoglycemia renal/hepatic disease alcohol use disorder respiratory dysfunction ```

Answer 7

``` drowsiness bradycardia, shock blurred vision, thickening of facial features gingival hyperplasia agranulocytosis toxic hepatitis lupus, osteomalacia ```

Answer 8

oral contraceptives, acetaminophen, corticosteroids: decreased effectiveness diazepam, isoniazid, valproic acid: increased levels of phenytoin warfarin, lithium phenobarbital, carbamazepine: can decrease phenytoin levels

Answer 9

``` taper gradually to avoid w/d monitor for rash and d/c monitor CBC, BMP, hepatic panel, phenytoin level monitor for cardiac toxicity giving IV maintain seizure precautions vitamin D and calcium supplements ```

Answer 10

regular dental checkups and good dental hygiene with soft toothbrush notify if rash occurs do not stop taking abruptly

Answer 11

all seizure types bipolar disorder migraine headache

Answer 12

unknown; thought to modulate inhibitory ntx GABA

Answer 13

category D (teratogenic) give folic acid if pregnancy occurs to prevent neural tube defects

Answer 14

``` renal/hepatic impairment other anticonvulsants thrombocytopenia hyperammonemia pregnancy ```

Answer 15

``` hepatotoxicity birth defects pancreatitis headache, ataxia blurred vision, tinnitus infection ```

Answer 16

monitor bleeding time, platelet count give with food monitor blood ammonia levels, serum amylase, LFTs ensure client takes lowest effective dose

Answer 17

report bleeding, bruising, rash, decreased LOC, jaundice, anorexia take with food inform provider if plan to become pregnant do not mix oral syrup with carbonated drinks

Answer 18

abdominal pain, n/v, and anorexia may be symptoms of pancreatitis that requires immediate medical evaluation

Answer 19

partial seizures tonic-clonic seizures mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder reduces pain of trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 20

thought to stabilize neuronal membranes and limit seizure activity by either increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses

Answer 21

category D (teratogenic)

Answer 22

``` pregnancy absence/myoclonic seizures hematologic disorders HF hepatic impairment MAOIs in past 2 weeks hypersensitivity to TCAs ```

Answer 23

``` visual disturbance, headache, ataxia, seizure exacerbation decreased blood cell production skin rash (stevens-johnson syndrome) photosensitivity albuminuria, glycosuria ```

Answer 24

grapefruit juice: increases plasma levels erythromycin, isoniazid, antiretrovirals, valproic acid, verapamil, loratidine, MAOIs: increased plasma levels phenytoin, barbiturates, rifampin, theophylline: decreased plasma levels lithium levels increased oral contraceptives, anticoagulant effects decrease

Answer 25

false negative pregnancy test

Answer 26

gradually increase dose to prevent CNS effects give as much of dose at bedtime as possible to minimize daytime side effects monitor CBC, WBC counts monitor for skin rash

Answer 27

sun protection CNS effects should decrease report fever, rash, sore throat, bruising take with meals to reduce GI distress

CNS drugs 2 Flashcards

(53 cards)