CNS infections

Question 1

CMV encephalitis affects newborns, look for periventricular swelling, and treat with ______ therapy

Answer 1

Antiviral

Ganciclovir or Foscarnet

Question 2

Arboviruses spread by ______ or _____

Answer 2

• Mosquitoes

- Ticks

Question 3

The JC virus causes _____ ____ ______, which occurs exlusively in immunocompromised pts. Imaging show s mutlifocal white matter.

Answer 3

Progressive Mutlifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Question 4

For Subdural and Epidural use a _____ scan to visualize, but for Spinal Epidural use ______ scan

Answer 4

• CT

- MRI

Question 5

Hematogenous Abscess infection

Answer 5

Infection from parts not directly linked to brain

Question 6

Presence of RBCs, elevated protein, and normal glucose and temporal infection easily mark ______ infection

Answer 6

HSV-1

Question 7

Herpes classically attacks the _____ lobe of the brain

Answer 7

Temporal

Question 8

Hallmark of Encephalitis, especially compared to other similar diseases

Answer 8

Abnormal Brain Function!

Meningitis still has normal fxn

Question 9

West nile virus incubates for 5-15 days; the best diagnostic method is via ______ ______

Answer 9

CSF IGM

Question 10

A cell count <500, High lymphocytes, low glucose, and elevated protein, all make you suspect _____ Encephalitis

Answer 10

Non-Viral

Question 11

Microglial Nodules with perivascular macrophages and multinucleated GIANT CELLS is a key histological finding for _____ Encephalitis

Answer 11

HIV

Question 12

Negri bodies is a histological landmark for which common Encephalitis-causing disease?

Answer 12

Rabies

Question 13

A cell count <500, High lymphocytes, normal glucose, and elevated protein, all make you suspect _____ Encephalitis

Answer 13

Viral

Question 14

What diagnostic technique should be avoided with a brain abscess?

Answer 14

Lumbar Puncture

Risk of Herniation

Question 15

Does Brain abscess present with Nuchal rigidity?

Answer 15

No, it does not.

Question 16

Contiguous Abscess Infection:

Answer 16

Infection from parts anatomically linked to brain

Question 17

______ _____ is the most common protozoal cause of brain abscess. Edema and ring enhancin lesions seen in CT scan

Answer 17

Toxoplasma Gondii

Cat poop

Question 18

Increased opening pressure, low WBCs, low glucose, Encapsulated Histo Halos, all point to the invasive “dusty” fungus, _______. (Lumbar puncture is actually therapuetic!)

Answer 18

Cryptococcus

“Dusty crypt builds pressure”

Question 19

Key finding with Subdural Empyema (abscess)?

Answer 19

Doesn’t Cross Midline

Dura have pockets underneath

Question 20

Two types of neurosyphilis; Paresis-progressive causes _____, while Tabes Dorsalis causes _____ _____

Answer 20

• Psychosis

- Sensory Ataxia