Coagulation Cascade

Question 1

What are clotting factors?

Answer 1

Proteins in blood that help control bleeding.

Question 2

What is the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?

Answer 2

A pathway activated by damage to the blood vessel and involves factors within the blood.

Question 3

What is the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?

Answer 3

A pathway activated by external trauma leading to blood vessel injury, primarily involving tissue factor.

Question 4

Which clotting factor is known as prothrombin?

Answer 4

Factor II.

Question 5

Which clotting factor is known as fibrinogen?

Answer 5

Factor I.

Question 6

True or False: Calcium is essential for both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

What role does calcium play in the clotting process?

Answer 7

Calcium ions help in the activation of various clotting factors.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The intrinsic pathway is primarily assessed by the _____ test.

Answer 8

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT).

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The extrinsic pathway is primarily assessed by the _____ test.

Answer 9

Prothrombin Time (PT).

Question 10

What is the final product of the coagulation cascade?

Answer 10

Fibrin.

Question 11

Which factor is known as tissue factor?

Answer 11

Factor III.

Question 12

What factor is activated by thrombin in the coagulation cascade?

Answer 12

Factor V.

Question 13

True or False: Factor VIII is a key factor in the intrinsic pathway.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

What is the function of Factor XIII?

Answer 14

It cross-links fibrin to stabilize the clot.

Question 15

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of several clotting factors?

Answer 15

Vitamin K.

Question 16

What is the role of Factor VII in the extrinsic pathway?

Answer 16

It activates Factor X when bound to tissue factor.

Question 17

True or False: Clotting factors are only produced in the liver.

Answer 17

False.

Question 18

What triggers the activation of the intrinsic pathway?

Answer 18

Damage to the endothelium or exposure of blood to negatively charged surfaces.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The common pathway begins with the activation of Factor _____ or Factor _____.

Answer 19

X.

Question 20

What is the role of Factor IX?

Answer 20

It activates Factor X in the intrinsic pathway.

Question 21

Which factor acts as a cofactor for Factor IX?

Answer 21

Factor VIII.

Question 22

What is the significance of calcium in clotting cascades?

Answer 22

It is a necessary cofactor for several enzymatic reactions.

Question 23

What happens during the clot retraction phase?

Answer 23

The clot contracts to reduce its size and stabilize the wound.

Question 24

What is the primary function of platelets in the coagulation process?

Answer 24

To aggregate and form a plug at the site of injury.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The activation of Factor X leads to the conversion of prothrombin to _____ by Factor Va.

Answer 25

thrombin.

Question 26

Which factor is known as Antihemophilic Factor?

Answer 26

Factor VIII.

Question 27

What is the role of Factor V?

Answer 27

It acts as a cofactor for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

Question 28

True or False: Clotting factors are enzymes.

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

What is the function of Factor I (fibrinogen)?

Answer 29

It is converted to fibrin, forming the meshwork of the clot.

Question 30

What initiates the extrinsic pathway?

Answer 30

Tissue factor (TF) released from damaged tissues.

Question 31

Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?

Answer 31

Factor VIII.

Question 32

Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia B?

Answer 32

Factor IX.

Question 33

What is the role of thrombin in the coagulation cascade?

Answer 33

It converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates several other clotting factors.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: Factor _____ is also known as Christmas factor.

Answer 34

IX.

Question 35

What is the role of Factor XI?

Answer 35

It activates Factor IX in the intrinsic pathway.

Question 36

True or False: The coagulation cascade is a series of amplification steps.

Answer 36

True.

Question 37

What is the significance of the common pathway in coagulation?

Answer 37

It is where the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways converge to form a stable clot.

Question 38

Which factor is known as the stable factor?

Answer 38

Factor XIII.

Question 39

What triggers the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?

Answer 39

The activation of Factor X.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The presence of calcium ions is crucial for the activation of Factors _____ and _____.

Answer 40

II, VII.

Question 41

What is the primary role of calcium in the coagulation cascade?

Answer 41

To facilitate the binding of clotting factors to phospholipid surfaces.

Question 42

True or False: All clotting factors are produced in the bone marrow.

Answer 42

False.

Question 43

What is the primary pathway involved in the formation of a clot during a minor injury?

Answer 43

Intrinsic pathway.

Question 44

What is the primary pathway involved in the formation of a clot during a major injury?

Answer 44

Extrinsic pathway.