Coastal Management Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are examples of economic losses?
Housing
Businesses
Agricultural land
Infrastructure
What are examples of social losses?
Relocation/displacement
Loss of livelihood
Amenity value
What is a CBA?
Cost benefit analysis = weigh up tangible and intangible costs
How do developed countries suffer from coastal damage?
High economic loss due to high value land
How do developing countries suffer from coastal damage?
High social loss due to low value land
What are examples of hard engineering strategies?
Groynes +builds up beach - terminal groyne syndrome (loss of sediment up the beach)
Sea walls + effective - expensive £6k
Rip rap/rock armour + cheaper than sea wall (used for fishing) - dangerous when people walk on them
Revetments + effective and no disruption - can create a barrier in harbour areas
What are examples of soft engineering strategies?
Beach nourishment = add sand/shingle to beach + natural, inexpensive and good for tourism - maintenance and monitoring needed
Cliff regrading and drainage = reduce angle to stabilise cliff + cost effective - dried cliffs can collapse and they look unnatural
Dune stabilisation = plant vegetation so dune binds + cheap, creates natural habitat - people walk on them and damage them, time consuming to plant
Marsh creation = form of ‘do nothing’, left to be flooded, absorb energy and create buffer to rising sea levels + cheap and creates habitat - agricultural land lost = compensation needed
What do the ICZM do?
Sustainable management and resolve conflicts
What are shoreline management plans?
A form of ICZM
Recognise sediment cells interact with one another and interaction with one has knock on effects
Each of the 11 sediment cells in the UK have had a detailed document written to identify the natural processes, activities and risks in the area
Recognise beach as a whole
What do DEFRA do?
Part of a shoreline management plan
Recommend approach = ‘do nothing, advance the line, hold the line, managed retreat’
They do this by considering the value of land, costs, local opinions, engineering feasibility of defences, impact on coastal processes and local environment
Why are their conflicts in coastal management?
Affects 630million people who live in coastal areas in risk of flooding
Who are the impacts created by?
Local and national government
Who are the winners and loser?
Winners = people protected
Losers = those that have lost land or have to relocate
Who are the stakeholders?
Home owners
Local authorities
Environmental pressure groups
