Subaerial processes

Question 1

Weathering

Answer 1

Mechanical:
- Freeze thaw
- Salt crystallisation
- Exfoliation - Onion skin

Chemical:
- Carbonation = acidic rain dissolves carboniferous limestone
- Oxidation = iron minerals react with oxygen
- Solution = Salt minerals dissolved

Biological:
- Plant grows and displaces sediment
- Animals may use as their habitat

The weathering systems can work together to create a more devastating effect

Question 2

Mass Movement

Answer 2

Soil Creep
Flow
Slide
Slump
Fall
Blockfall
Rotational slip
Landslide

Landforms created:
- Talus scree slope = blockfalls (St Oswald’s)
- Rotational scar slope = rotational slumping
- Terraced cliff profile = result of fractures/rotational slumping, the cliff becomes stepped

Rivulets = a small stream or watercourse, smaller than a brook or creek

Can decrease coastal recession due to the rocks dissipating waves = negative feedback

Question 3

EXAMPLE

Answer 3

Holderness coast

Wetting and drying
Freeze thaw
Slumping
1.8m per year
Fastest erosion in Europe