coasts - C

Question 1

What are erosional landforms?

Answer 1

Landforms created by the removal of material from the Earth’s surface due to processes such as wave action, wind, and ice.

Question 2

Name two types of erosional landforms.

Answer 2

Cliffs and wave-cut platforms.

Question 3

True or False: Depositional landforms are created by the accumulation of sediment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is a beach?

Answer 4

A depositional landform consisting of loose material such as sand, pebbles, or cobbles along the shoreline.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The process of __________ involves the breakdown of rocks without changing their chemical composition.

Answer 5

weathering

Question 6

What is hydraulic action?

Answer 6

A type of erosion caused by the force of waves crashing against a coastline.

Question 7

Define abrasion in coastal processes.

Answer 7

The wearing away of the coast by the grinding action of rock fragments carried by waves.

Question 8

What is a spit?

Answer 8

A long, narrow accumulation of sand or shingle that extends from the land into the sea.

Question 9

What is the primary cause of weathering?

Answer 9

Natural elements such as water, temperature changes, and biological activity.

Question 10

Name one type of weathering.

Answer 10

Physical weathering.

Question 11

True or False: Longshore drift is a process that contributes to the formation of beaches.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What are headlands?

Answer 12

Points of land that jut out into the sea, typically formed from resistant rock.

Question 13

What is a tombolo?

Answer 13

A sandbar that connects an island to the mainland.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: __________ weathering occurs when rocks are broken down by chemical reactions.

Answer 14

Chemical

Question 15

What are the three main types of weathering?

Answer 15

Physical, chemical, and biological weathering.

Question 16

What is a wave-cut notch?

Answer 16

A recess at the base of a cliff formed by the erosional action of waves.

Question 17

Identify one factor that affects the rate of coastal erosion.

Answer 17

Wave energy.

Question 18

What is saltation in the context of coastal processes?

Answer 18

The bouncing movement of sand grains along the beach.

Question 19

True or False: The process of deposition occurs when the energy of the transporting medium decreases.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is a barrier island?

Answer 20

A long, narrow island that lies parallel to the mainland and protects it from wave action.

Question 21

Name a human activity that can increase coastal erosion.

Answer 21

Construction of sea walls.

Question 22

What is the role of vegetation in coastal areas?

Answer 22

To stabilize sediments and reduce erosion.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of breaking down rocks through biological activity.

Answer 23

Biological weathering

Question 24

What is a delta?

Answer 24

A landform created at the mouth of a river where it meets a body of water, formed by sediment deposition.

Question 25

Identify one impact of climate change on coastal areas.

Answer 25

Increased sea level rise leading to more flooding.

Question 26

What is a notch?

Answer 26

A small indentation at the base of a cliff caused by wave erosion.

Question 27

What is erosion?

Answer 27

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow.

Question 28

True or False: Erosion only occurs in dry environments.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The main agents of erosion are __________.

Answer 29

water, wind, ice, and gravity

Question 30

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical erosion?

Answer 30

Mechanical erosion involves the physical breakdown of rocks without changing their chemical composition, while chemical erosion involves the alteration of the chemical structure of the rocks.

Question 31

What is transportation in the context of erosion?

Answer 31

Transportation refers to the movement of eroded materials from one location to another by agents such as water, wind, or ice.

Question 32

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of erosion? A) Water erosion B) Wind erosion C) Solar erosion

Answer 32

C) Solar erosion

Question 33

What are soft engineering techniques in erosion management?

Answer 33

Soft engineering techniques involve using natural processes and materials to manage erosion, such as planting vegetation or creating buffer zones.

Question 34

True or False: Hard engineering techniques involve the use of man-made structures to prevent erosion.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Fill in the blank: Examples of hard engineering techniques include __________.

Answer 35

sea walls, groynes, and riprap

Question 36

What is a groyne?

Answer 36

A groyne is a rigid hydraulic structure built from the shore into the water to interrupt water flow and limit sediment transport.

Question 37

What role does vegetation play in erosion control?

Answer 37

Vegetation helps to stabilize soil and reduce erosion by anchoring the soil with roots and absorbing water.

Question 38

Multiple Choice: Which process is primarily responsible for the formation of river valleys? A) Erosion B) Deposition C) Transportation

Answer 38

A) Erosion

Question 39

What is sediment?

Answer 39

Sediment is particles of soil, sand, and gravel that are transported by wind, water, or ice.

Question 40

True or False: Erosion can have both positive and negative effects on the environment.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What is the term for the accumulation of sediment in a new location?

Answer 41

Deposition

Question 42

Fill in the blank: __________ erosion occurs when water flows over the surface of the land.

Answer 42

Surface

Question 43

What is wave erosion?

Answer 43

Wave erosion is the process of coastal erosion caused by the action of waves on the shoreline.

Question 44

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a potential consequence of erosion? A) Loss of soil fertility B) Increased biodiversity C) Improved water quality

Answer 44

A) Loss of soil fertility

Question 45

What is the purpose of riprap in erosion management?

Answer 45

Riprap is used to protect shorelines and riverbanks from erosion by absorbing and deflecting the energy of waves and currents.

Question 46

True or False: Erosion processes can be completely stopped with hard engineering solutions.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

What is the primary goal of erosion management?

Answer 47

The primary goal of erosion management is to prevent or mitigate the loss of soil and land due to erosion.

Question 48

Fill in the blank: __________ is the gradual wearing away of rock surfaces by chemical reactions.

Answer 48

Chemical weathering

Question 49

What is a common indicator of erosion in agricultural fields?

Answer 49

Gullies or rills forming in the soil.

Question 50

Multiple Choice: Which method is often used in soft engineering to reduce erosion along riverbanks? A) Concrete barriers B) Grass planting C) Steel walls

Answer 50

B) Grass planting

Question 51

What is the importance of monitoring erosion?

Answer 51

Monitoring erosion is important to assess the effectiveness of management strategies and to prevent further land degradation.