Cocci Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is the characteristic shape of Staphylococcus aureus?
Grape-like clusters
Where is Staphylococcus aureus commonly found in the body?
Nose, groin, perineum (normal flora)
What is the primary mode of transmission for Staphylococcus aureus?
Direct contact
Which enzyme is a virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus?
Coagulase
What is the function of Protein A in Staphylococcus aureus?
Virulence factor that binds antibodies
Name a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus involved in skin conditions.
Exfoliatin/epidermolytic toxin
What is TSST in relation to Staphylococcus aureus?
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin
List some suppurative diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
- Folliculitis
- Boils/Furuncles
- Carbuncles
- Impetigo
- Bacteraemia
- Infective endocarditis
- Septic arthritis
- Osteomyelitis
- Pneumonia
- Surgical wound infection
What syndrome is caused by exfoliatin from Staphylococcus aureus?
Scalded skin syndrome
What is the treatment for Staphylococcal food poisoning?
Cloxacillin, erythromycin, cephalosporin
What is the treatment for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)?
Vancomycin
What laboratory test result indicates Staphylococcus aureus?
Catalase test +ve (active bubbling)
What color do Staphylococcus aureus colonies appear on blood agar?
Golden yellow
What is the characteristic shape of Staphylococcus epidermidis?
Grape-like clusters
Where does Staphylococcus epidermidis primarily colonize?
Skin superficials
What is a major virulence factor of Staphylococcus epidermidis?
Biofilm (extracellular slime)
List some infections related to the use of medical devices caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
- Catheter-related bloodstream infection
- Prosthetic valve endocarditis
- Infection of prosthetic joints
- Catheter-related UTI
What is the treatment for infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis?
Removal of infected devices
What is the novobiocin sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis?
Sensitive
What is the characteristic shape of Staphylococcus saprophyticus?
Grape-like clusters
Where does Staphylococcus saprophyticus commonly colonize?
Genital mucosa & distal urethra
What type of infection is commonly associated with Staphylococcus saprophyticus?
UTI particularly in sexually active young women
What is the novobiocin sensitivity of Staphylococcus saprophyticus?
Resistant
What is a recommended preventative measure for UTIs caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus?
Empty bladder after intercourse