Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EDUC 1 > COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

(107 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

is a Swiss psychologist famous for his work on child development and his theory on cognitive development.

A

Jean Piaget

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the theories of Piaget Cognitive Development?

A

Schemas/Scheme
Adaptation - Assimilation
- Accomodation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development ?

A

Sensorimotor (0-2)
Pre-operational (2-7)
Concrete Operational (7-11)
Formal Operational ( 11- older)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the abilities of a child in sensorimotor?

A

reflexes, object permanent, thumb sucking and mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the abilities of child during pre-operational stage?

A

pretend, object presentation, curious, think symbolically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the abilities of child during concrete operational stage?

A

Classify, view of other, inductive logic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the abilities of a child during formal operational)

A

abstract, scientific thinker and deductive reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

He is a Russian psychologist who developed a theory of cognitive development in children

A

Lev Vygotsky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

He proposed that social learning comes before construct development in children ,and that children knowledge actively.

A

Lev Vygotsky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vygotsky cognitive theory argues that cognitive abilities are social guide and constructed

A

Zone Proximal Development (ZPD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It plays an integral role in the children on how they organize and think about the world

A

Culture specific tools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It refers to the range of abilities an individual can perform with the guidance of an expert, but cannot perform on their own

A

Zone of potential development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 different stages of Zone of Potential?

A
  1. Task a learner cannot accomplish with assistance
  2. Task a learner can learn with assistance
  3. Task a learner can learn without assistance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Those task that are outside of the learner’s zone of potential development are those that cannot be completed even with the help of an expert.

A

Task a learner cannot accomplish with assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When a learner is closed to mastering a skill required to complete a task , but still needs the guidance of an expert to do so that are considered to be in their zone of proximal development.

A

Task a learner can accomplish with assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The learner are able to complete task independently and has mastered the skill required to do so

A

Task the learner can accomplish without assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the theories associated in Intelligence and Individual Differences ?

A

1.Concept of intelligence ( Alfred Binet
2. General Intelligence ( Charles Spearman)
3. Primary Mental Abilities ( Lois Leon Thurstone)
4. Multiple intelligence ( Howard Gardner)
5. Triarchic Theory of Intelligence ( Robert Sternberg)
6. Cognitive Information Processing Theory ( Atkinson and Shiffrin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It is the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations

A

Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

He is a french psychologist who is routinely considered one of the most influential psychologist in history, largely as a result of his pioneering work in measuring intelligence..

A

Alfred Binet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A Child ____ is the result of finding the most advanced tasks that the child is capable of completing

A

Mental Age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

It is also known as g factor, refers to a general mental ability that, according to Spearman, underlies multiple specific skills, including verbal, spatial, numerical and mechanical.

A

General Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

He is an English psychologist and according to him Intellectual abilities are comprised of two factors namely the General ability known as G - factor and Specific abilities know as S - factor.

A

Charles Spearman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Characteristics of G Factor

A

• It is universal inborn ability
• It is General Mental energy
• It is Constant
• The amount of “g” differs from individual to individual
• It is used in every activity of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Characteristics of S factor

A

• It is learned and acquired in the environment
• It varies from activity to activity in the same individual.
• Individual differ in the amount of S ability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
He was an American Psychologist, who was born In 29 May 1887 in Chicago , USA and proposed the 7.primary mental abilities?
Louis Leon Thurstone
26
What are the 7 factors of Primary mental abilities?
Word fluency Verbal comprehension Spatial Visualization Numerical Facility Associative Memory Reasoning Perceptual Speed
27
THE ABILITY TO PRODUCE WORDS RAPIDLY?
Word Fluency
28
THE ABILITY TO DEFINE AND UNDERSTAND WORDS?
Verbal Comprehension
29
THE ABILITY TO VISUALIZE RELATIONSHIPS?
Spatial Visualization
30
THE ABILITY TO SOLVE ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE?
Numerical Facility
31
THE ABILITY TO MEMORIZE AND RECALL?
Associative Memory
32
THE ABILITY TO FIND RULES?
Reasoning
33
THE ABILITY TO SEE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES AMONG OBJECTS?
Perceptual Speed
34
Who proposed the Multiple Intelligence?
Howard Gardner
35
What are the 8 Multiple Intelligence?
1. Linguistic 2. Logical Mathematical 3. Visual Spatial 4. Bodily Kinesthetic 5. Musical 6. Interpersonal 7. Intrapersonal 8. Naturalist
36
THE ABILITY TO USE LANGUAGE EFFECTIVELY.
Linguistic
37
FACILITY WITH NUMBERS AND LOGICAL PROBLEM SOLVING.
Logical Mathematical
38
ABILITY TO APPRECIATE WORKS OF ART LIKE - PAINTINGS AND SCULPTURE
Visual Spatial
39
THE ABILITY TO MOVE IN A COORDINATED WAY USUALLY COMMON AMONG ATHLETE'S AND THOSE INVOLVED IN ATHLETICS.
BODILY KINESTHETIC
40
THE ABILITY TO APPRECIATE AND PRODUCE MUSIC
Musical
41
SENSITIVITY TO THE BEHAVIOR, MOODS AND NEEDS OF OTHERS.
Interpersonal
42
THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND ONESELF
INTRAPERSONAL
43
THE ABILITY TO BE ATTACHED TO THE NATURAL WORDS, BEING ABLE TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN THE FLORA AND FAUNA, PATTERNS AND DESIGNS OF HUMAN ARTIFACTS.
Naturalist
44
He developed another theory of intelligence, which he titled the TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE.
Robert Sternberg
45
What are the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?
Analytical Creative Practical
46
What are the components of Analytical?
Metacomponents Performance Acquisition
47
What are the components of Creative?
Novelty Automation
48
What are the components of Practical?
Adaptation Selecting Shaping
49
A theory that outlines the various mechanisms that result in intelligence.
Analytical
50
This proposes that there is a continuum of experience from novel to automation to which intelligence can be applied.
Creative
51
It is defined as the ability that individuals use to find a more optimal fit between themselves and the demands of the environment through adapting, shaping, or selecting a new environment
Practical
52
It is an approach to cognitive development studies that aims to explain how information is encoded into memory.
Cognitive Information Processing Theory by Atkinson and Shiffrin
53
What are the 3 types of memory?
Sensory Memory Short term memory Long term memory
54
What are the types of sensory memory?
Iconic Echoic Haptic
55
What are the types of Long term memory?
Episodic memory Semantic memory Procedural memory
56
It is a memory that involves whatever we take in through our senses.
sensory memory
57
It is a type of memory that involves a very brief image
Iconic memory
58
Involves a very brief memory of sound a bit like an echo
Echoic memory
59
Involves the very brief memory of a touch.
Haptic memory
60
The memory systems in the brain involved in remembering pieces of information for a short period of time, often up to 30 seconds
Short term memory
61
It is a memory that is thought to be limitless
Long term memory
62
It refers to the construction of thought processes including remembering, problem solving and decision making from child hood through adolescence to adult.
Cognitive development
63
What are the Factors affecting cognitive development?
Biological Factors • Sense Organs • Intelligence • Heredity • Nutritional factors • Sensory organs • Maturation Environmental Factors • Learning opportunities • Economic Status • External Stimuli • Family and Society • Play
64
They are specialized structures or organs in the body that enable an organism to perceive and respond to various stimuli from the external environment
Sense organs
65
A complex and multifaceted cognitive ability that involves the capacity to learn, reason, solve problems, adapt to new situations, and effectively interact with one's environment.
Intelligence
66
It refers to the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring.
Heredity
67
It refer to the influence of an individual's diet and nutritional intake on their cognitive development.
Nutritional Factors
68
Theybare specialized structures that receive sensory input from the environment and transmit it to the brain for processing.
Sensory Organs
69
It refer to the experiences and situations that a child encounters in their environment, which provide them with chances to acquire new knowledge, skills, and understanding.
Learning opportunities
70
It is often measured through factors like income, access to resources, and socioeconomic background, significantly influences cognitive development
Economic status
71
It refer to the sensory inputs and environmental cues that children encounter in their surroundings
External stimuli
72
It encompass the social and cultural context in which a child grows up. This includes family dynamics, parenting styles, cultural norms, and societal values.
Family and society
73
It is a vital aspect of cognitive development, as it allows children to explore, experiment, and problem-solve in a safe and enjoyable way
Play
74
It is a social tool for communication, governed by rules that enable people to understand one another and to express themselves in original ways.
Language
75
What are the Characteristics of Language?
Language can be dynamic Language can be spoken or non-spoken Language is a creative tool Language is a rule-bound Language is a social tool
76
He says that children copy what they see and hear. They learn from reinforcement and from their parent’s gestures
BF Skinner ( Learning Perspective)
77
He narrates that people are naturally made to learn knowledge. To him the people contain a language acquisition device (LAD)
Noam Chomsky ( Nativist Perspective)
78
He explains that we learn language through our interaction with others- in social context.
Lev Vygotsky ( Interactionist Perspective)
79
What are the aspects/components of language?
Phonology Phoneme Morphology Morpheme Syntax Semantics Pragmatics
80
Set of linguistic rules that govern the structure, position and sequence of speech sounds
Phonology
81
Smallest unit of sound that can make a difference in meaning
Phoneme
82
Set of linguistic rules that govern the makeup words
Morphology
83
Smallest unit of expression that cannot be broken down into smaller units without destroying it’s meaning.
Morphed
84
Set of linguistic rules that govern sentence structure, the way various kinds of words, such as nouns, verbs and adjectives, are put together to express a complete thought.
Syntax
85
Is a system of rules pertaining to the content, or meaning, of words and relationships between words.
Semantics
86
The practical knowledge to use language to communicate, includes learning how to ask for things, how to tell a story or joke
Pragmatics
87
Forerunner of linguistic speech; utterance of sounds that are not words. Includes crying, cooing, babbling, and accidental and deliberate imitation of sounds without understanding their meaning.
Pre-linguistic
88
such as waving bye-bye, nodding, and shaking, are a crucial part of early language development.
Gestures
89
Verbal expression designed to convey meaning , how children learn to talk and understand language.
Linguistic
90
Single word that conveys a complete thought. Example: “Da” means “I want that” or “wheres daddy?” a word like this, expresses a complete thought
Holophrase
91
Is a stage of language development where young children typically use very short sentences or phrases that resemble telegrams,
Telegraphic Speech
92
Which allows them to absorb meaning of a new word after hearing it only once or twice in conversation
Fast mapping
93
It refers to the way people use language to communicate with others in everyday social situations
Social Speech
94
It is like talking about how you're talking.
Meta communication
95
Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate
Private Speech
96
What are the factors affecting language development?
1. General Health and Physical Status 2. Intelligence and Cognitive development 3. Learning and Maturation 4., Environment 5. Sex 6. Relationship with family members 7. Number of family members 8. Bilingualism
97
babies start cooing, squealing and making vowel sounds
6-3 months
98
they begin playing with speech sounds
3- 6 months
99
babies begin to understand meaningful speech
9-10 months
100
infants deliberately imitate sounds without understanding them, stringing them together in patterns that sound like language but lack meaning
9-10 months
101
average baby says a first word, initiating linguistic speech verbal expression
10-14 months
102
naming explosion" occurs with toddlers going form saying 50 words to 400 words
16-24 months
103
children show increasing competence in sentence structure, becoming more comfortable with articles, prepositions, conjunctions, plural, verb ending, past tense
20-30 months
104
speech is fluent, longer and more complex. Child uses 900-1000 words daily, 12,000 daily usage
3 yrs old
105
sentences are four to five words and can be declarative, interrogative or imperative
4-5 yrs old
106
children speak longer and more complicated sentences, using more conjunctions, prepositions and articles
5-7 yrs old
107
children understanding of syntax rules becomes more sophisticated, with most children interpreting sentences correctly
9 yrs old

EDUC 1 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions